scholarly journals Retinal Structural and Microvascular Alterations in Different Acute Ischemic Stroke Subtypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ce Shi ◽  
Yihong Chen ◽  
Weicheng Wang ◽  
Shenghai Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Microvascular Network ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Capillary Vessel ◽  
Retinal Capillary ◽  
Subtype Identification

Introduction. Retinal structural and microvascular damages reflect damage to cerebral microvasculature and neurons. We aimed to investigate neovascular unit abnormalities among patients with large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) or small-vessel occlusion (SAA) and control subjects. Methods. Twenty-eight LAA patients, forty-one SAA patients, and sixty-five age- and gender-matched controls were recruited. Based on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), retinal capillary vessel density was assessed in the general and local sectors, and the thickness of individual retinal layer was extracted from retinal structural images. The differences between structural and microvascular were analyzed. Results. The superior peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness was significantly different among the three groups, and the LAA group had the thinnest thickness. Compared to the control group, the deep retinal capillary vessel density in other two stroke subgroups were significantly reduced in all regions except in the inferior region ( P  < 0.05), and the fractal dimension in C2 and C4 regions of deep retina was significantly lower in the LAA group ( P  < 0.05). Discussion. Compared with superficial microvascular network, deep microvascular network is more sensitive to ischemic stroke. In addition, we have demonstrated quadrant-specific pRNFL abnormalities in LAA and SAA patients. Superior quadrant pRNFL thickness differences between stroke subgroups may suggest that changes in retinal nerve fiber layer are more sensitive to subtype identification than changes in retinal microvascular structure. All in all, the alteration in retinal structural and microvascular may further elucidate the role of the neovascular unit in ischemic stroke, suggesting that the combination of these two indicators could be used for subtype identification to guide prognosis and establish a risk prediction model.

scholarly journals Systemic Vascular Dysregulation May Be Associated With Lower Peripapillary Vessel Density in Non-glaucomatous Healthy Eyes: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqin Guo ◽  
Yunxiao Sun ◽  
Haoran Liu ◽  
Kai Cao ◽  
Ningli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Flammer Syndrome ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Vascular Dysregulation ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness ◽  
Healthy Eyes

Objective: To determine whether systemic vascular dysregulation (SVD) evaluated by nailfold capillaroscope and Flammer Syndrome Questionnaire (FSQ) affects retinal peripapillary microcirculation in non-glaucomatous healthy eyes at steady status.Methods: 120 healthy eyes from 63 non-glaucomatous subjects underwent Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) after a rest of 30 minutes. Average retinal peripapillary capillary (RPC) vessel density (VD) and sectoral VD were automatically calculated, and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) was measured. Vasospastic diathesis was assessed using Flammer Syndrome Questionnaire (FSQ). Cold provocation test (CPT) was performed using nail-fold capillaroscope after OCTA. Positive CPT and a score of FSQ higher than 20% were necessary to determine a subject with SVD. Systemic and ocular parameters were compared between subjects with and without SVD.Results: In this study, heart rate (p = 0.042), ocular perfusion pressure (p = 0.014) and average RPC vessel density (p = 0.046) was significantly different between subjects with and without SVD determined by the combination of CPT and FSQ. Generalized estimation equation (GEE) showed lower VD was significantly associated with longer axial length (β = −0.352, p = 0.001), thinner peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) (β = 0.296, p &lt; 0.001), SVD determined by CPT and FSQ (β = 0.617, p = 0.003) and high blood pressure (β = −0.879, p &lt; 0.001). In the superotemporal sector, multivariate model showed only SVD was associated with RPC vessel density (β = −0.811, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: In subjects with SVD and non-glaucomatous healthy eyes, lower RPC vessel density in the superotemporal sector was observed. SVD determined by CPT and FSQ was significantly associated with attenuated retinal peripapillary microcirculation. Studies on ocular diseases relevant to vasospasms should consider the effects of SVD on the retinal peripapillary capillaries.

scholarly journals Early Neurovascular Changes in the Retina in Preclinical Diabetic Retinopathy and Relation to Blood Glucose

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Xiaobing Yu ◽  
Bodi Zheng ◽  
Shan Ding ◽  
Zhongqing Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber

Abstract Aim: To investigate the changes of retinal optic disc nerve fiber layer thickness and macular blood flow density in preclinical stage of diabetic retinopathy and their relationship with blood glucose. Methods: In this cross-sectional study,97 diabetic patients(total 188 eyes,144 eyes in no diabetic retinopathy group, 44 eyes in mild diabetic non-proliferative retinopathy group ) and 35 healthy people (70 eyes) were enrolled, All the subjects were divided into different group by HbA1c , and underwent ocular examination by optical coherence tomography angiography. We compare optical coherence tomography angiography parameter and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness among different glucose group.Results: The parafoveal vessel density and the temporal retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were lower (P < 0.05) in the diabetic group than in the normal group. The diabetic group showed a higher acircularity index as compared with the normal group. From the normal group to no diabetic retinopathy group and then to mild non-proliferative retinopathy group, vessel density decreased and acircularity index increased (P < 0.001). Foveal vascular density and parafoveal vessel density decreased with the increase of HbA1c. There was a negative correlation between parafoveal vessel density of the deep retinal vascular layer and FBG (P<0.01). The temporal retinal nerve fiber layer thickness decreased among different HbA1c levels groups and was positively correlated with the parafoveal vessel density in superficial retinal vascular layer(P<0.05).Conclusions: This study shows retinal microvasculopathy and neuropathy has been present during no retinopathy. The vessel density of the deep retinal vascular layer was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose, and the temporal RNFL thickness was positively correlated with the vessel density of superficial retinal vascular layer. These indicators are helpful for endocrinologists and ophthalmologists to detect early diabetic retinal pathological lesions.

Does the Presence of a Disc Hemorrhage Affect OCT-Measured Vessel Density and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness?

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Zia S. Pradhan ◽  
Shruthi Sreenivasaiah ◽  
Shivani Dixit ◽  
Harsha L. Rao ◽  
Jayasree P. Venugopal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Disc Hemorrhage ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber

scholarly journals Early neurovascular changes in the retina in preclinical diabetic retinopathy and its relation with blood glucose

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Xiaobing Yu ◽  
Bodi Zheng ◽  
Shan Ding ◽  
Zhongqing Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber

Abstract Background To investigate the changes in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and macular blood flow density during the preclinical stage of diabetic retinopathy and their relationship with blood glucose. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 97 diabetic patients (total of 188 eyes; 144 eyes in no diabetic retinopathy group, 44 eyes in mild diabetic non-proliferative retinopathy group) and 35 healthy people (70 eyes) were enrolled, All the subjects were divided into different groups based on their HbA1c levels, and they underwent optical coherence tomography angiography. We compared the optical coherence tomography angiography parameters and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness among the different glucose groups. Results The parafoveal vessel density and the temporal retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were lower (p < 0.05) in the diabetic group than in the normal group. The diabetic group showed a higher acircularity index than the normal group. The normal group had the highest vessel density and the lowest acircularity index, followed by the no-diabetic retinopathy group and the mild non-proliferative retinopathy group, (p < 0.001). Foveal vascular density and parafoveal vessel density decreased with an increase in HbA1c. There was a negative correlation between parafoveal vessel density in the deep retinal vascular layer and fasting blood glucose (p < 0.01). The temporal retinal nerve fiber layer thickness decreased across the HbA1c level groups, and was positively correlated with the parafoveal vessel density in the superficial retinal vascular layer (p < 0.05). Conclusions This study shows that retinal microvasculopathy and neuropathy can be present in the absence of retinopathy. The vessel density of the deep retinal vascular layer was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose, and the temporal retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was positively correlated with the vessel density of the superficial retinal vascular layer. These indicators are helpful for endocrinologists and ophthalmologists in detecting early diabetic retinal pathological lesions.

Macular and Optic Nerve Head Vessel Density and Progressive Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Loss in Glaucoma

Ophthalmology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (11) ◽  
pp. 1720-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasan Moghimi ◽  
Linda M. Zangwill ◽  
Rafaella C. Penteado ◽  
Kyle Hasenstab ◽  
Elham Ghahari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber
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