Melanosternarchus amaru, a new genus and species of electric ghost knifefish (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae) from the Amazon Basin

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4378 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAXWELL J. BERNT ◽  
WILLIAM G. R. CRAMPTON ◽  
ALEXANDER B. ORFINGER ◽  
JAMES S. ALBERT
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Nuclear Locus

We describe Melanosternarchus amaru as a new genus and species of Apteronotidae from the deep channels of blackwater and clearwater tributaries of the Amazon River in Brazil and Peru. The new species superficially resembles members of the widespread “Apteronotus” bonapartii species group, from which it can be readily distinguished by expanded bones of the infraorbital laterosensory canal. It can further be distinguished from all other apteronotids by a unique combination of characters: reduced premaxillary dentition, a large gape, and an absence of scales from the entire dorsum. A molecular phylogenetic analysis using three mitochondrial loci and one nuclear locus (~3000 bp) places this genus as sister to Compsaraia, and these two genera together as a clade sister to Pariosternarchus; all nodes with strong statistical support. The clade formed by these three genera includes five species, four of which are restricted to the Amazon basin. The apparent habitat preference of the new species for low-conductivity blackwater and clearwater rivers has not been reported in other apteronotid species. 

Pilaira australis sp. nov. (Mucorales, Mucoromycota) isolated from emu faeces in Australia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 329 (3) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW S. URQUHART ◽  
PAULINE M. L. COULON ◽  
ALEXANDER IDNURM
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Dromaius Novaehollandiae ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Carbon Utilisation ◽  
A New Species

Pilaira australis, a new species of fungus in the coprophilous genus Pilaira, was isolated from emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) faeces and is described. Morphologically, the species resembles other species in the genus, particularly P. moreaui, except differs in its unique combination of sporangiophore height and sporangiospore length. Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicates that P. australis is distinct from other species in the genus with two regions, the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and a fragment of the pyrG gene, showing 91% and 90% identity to the nearest species, respectively. Ultrastructure features and carbon utilisation were determined for P. australis, and may provide characteristics for species identification in this genus.

scholarly journals Dicranum ignatovii sp. nova (Dicranaceae, Bryophyta) from the Far East

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Far East ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Leaf Lamina ◽  
Kurile Islands ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

The new species Dicranum ignatovii Tubanova & Fedosov is described from Sakhalin, South Kurile Islands and the Khabarovsk Territory based on the approach of integrative taxonomy. The species is characterized by the unique combination of (1) short leaves with broadly acute apex, (2) slightly recurved distal leaf lamina, (3) short-rectangular to transverse rectangular distal leaf cells, (4) proximal leaf cells abruptly shortened distally and thus occupying only the basalmost leaf portion, (5) costa ending before apex, and (6) presence of flagelliform branchlets in upper leaf axils. Based on nrITS 1, 2 & 5.8 rRNA gene sequences, molecular phylogenetic analysis was carried out. As a result, three studied specimens were found in a well supported clade, nested in a weakly supported clade where D. acutifolium, D. caesium, D. bardunovii, D. angustum, D. bonjeanii, D. scoparium and D. brevifolium were also found.

A new oryzomyine (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) from the Quaternary of Curaçao (West Indies)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3534 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
JELLE S. ZIJLSTRA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Large Size

A collection of 17 isolated rodent molars from a cave in the eastern part of Duivelsklip, Curaçao, Dutch West Indies, isdescribed as Dushimys larsi, new genus and species. The new species is characterized by relatively large size, broad mo-lars, absence of mesolophid and presence of anterolophid and anterolabial cingulum on m3, absence of metaloph on M3,and m2 with three roots. Phylogenetic analysis could not conclusively resolve the position of the new species, and it isprovisionally regarded as a representative of an otherwise unknown oryzomyine genus. The material is likely middle Pleistocene in age.

Merodoras nheco, new genus and species from Rio Paraguay basin, Brazil (Siluriformes, Doradidae), and nomination of the new subfamily Astrodoradinae

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1446 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
HORÁCIO HIGUCHI ◽  
JOSÉ L.O. BIRINDELLI ◽  
LEANDRO M. SOUSA ◽  
HERALDO A. BRITSKI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Pectoral Girdle ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Orbital Margin ◽  
Inferior Portion ◽  
Lateral Ethmoid

Merodoras nheco, new genus and species of Doradidae (Siluriformes) is described from Rio Paraguay basin, Brazil. The new genus belongs to the new subfamily Astrodoradinae, a monophyletic group formally named herein that includes, besides Merodoras, Amblydoras, Anadoras, Astrodoras, Hypodoras, Physopyxis, and Scorpiodoras. This group is diagnosed by the possession of: lacrimal serrated and participating in the orbital margin, four to seven pleural ribs; spines on the postcleithral process; postero-inferior portion of the coracoid exposed.  Merodoras nheco, new species, is distinguished from other doradids by the unique combination of the following characteristics: 1) tips of retrorse spines on the midlateral scutes ventrally oriented in adults; 2) incomplete lateral line, with only a few midlateral scutes anteriorly; 3) pectoral girdle entirely exposed ventrally, with the opening of the arrector ventralis inferior reduced to a small fossae on the anterior edge of the coracoid; 4) caudal fin truncate; 5) dorsal-fin spine smooth, without serrae on both faces; 5) lacrimal serrated; 6) lateral ethmoid serrated.  Merodoras nheco inhabits the “Pantanal Matogrossense,” a flooded portion of the upper Rio Paraguay basin in western Brazil.

Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Corotoca, with description of a new genus and species from Brazil (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Bruno Zilberman
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Exhaustive Search ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
A New Species

Corotoca is a strictly Neotropical genus of termitophilous beetles associated with termites of genus Constrictotermes. A cladistic analysis based on 13 terminal taxa and 60 characters (57 morphological and three behavioral) was conducted. The exhaustive search with equally weighted characters resulted in two most parsimonious trees with 95 steps. Spirachtha is proposed to be the sister group of the monophyletic “subgroup Corotocae” (Corotoca + Cavifonexus gen. nov.), based on eleven synapomorhphies (ten exclusive and one homoplastic). The monophyly of Corotoca is supported here, including six species associated with Constrictotermes cyphergaster: (Corotoca hitchensi sp. nov + (C. melantho + C. pseudomelantho sp. nov.) + ((C. fontesi + (C. phylo + C. araujoi)). A new genus, Cavifronexus gen. nov., is proposed to two species associated with Constrictotermes cavifrons (Holmgren, 1910): Cavifronexus guyanae comb. nov., from Guyana and Brazil, previously described as Corotoca; and a new species, Cavifronexus papaveroi sp. nov., from Brazil. This work also includes descriptions, redescriptions, and illustrations for all species and genera. Keys for genera and species identification in “subgroup Corotocae” are also provided.

Neochloroglyphica, a new genus of Geometrinae from China (Lepidoptera, Geometridae), with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4571 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
HONGXIANG HAN ◽  
PEDER SKOU ◽  
RUI CHENG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

Neochloroglyphica gen. nov. and its type species N. perbella sp. nov. are described from Yunnan, China. Morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on one mitochondrial and three nuclear genes, support the hypothesis that Neochloroglyphica is a member of the tribe Neohipparchini, and that it is a sister genus to Chloroglyphica. Morphological characters, including those of the genitalia, are figured and compared with related genera, especially Chloroglyphica, Neohipparchus and Chlororithra. Diagnoses for the genus and the species are provided and illustrations of external features and genitalia are presented. 

Triseptata sexualis gen. et sp. nov. in Latoruaceae (Pleosporales)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 447 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-264
Author(s):  
SARANYAPHAT BOONMEE ◽  
MARK S. CALABON ◽  
RUNGTIWA PHOOKAMSAK ◽  
ABDALLAH M. ELGORBAN ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Multigene Phylogeny ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Sexual Form

A survey of lignicolous terrestrial ascomycetes conducted in Thailand yielded a number of novel species. In this paper, we report on a terrestrial collection of a taxon from dead branches of an unidentified plant. Triseptata gen. et sp. nov. is characterized by immersed, uni- to multi-loculate ascomata, filamentous pseudoparaphyses, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical-clavate asci and 3-septate, light brown spores, with asymmetrical ends, in its sexual form. In culture, it produced hyphomycetous, globose to subglobose, multi-septate and darkly pigmented conidia-like structures. Phylogenetic analysis of a combined LSU, ITS and SSU dataset shows Triseptata to be a well-separated lineage from all genera in Latoruaceae. Based on multigene phylogeny, Triseptata gen. nov. is introduced to accommodate a single new species Triseptata sexualis and placed in Latoruaceae. Illustrations, descriptions and notes are provided for the new genus and species.

A new species of Hypopygus Hoedeman (Gymnotiformes: Rhamphichthyidae) from the rio Trombetas system, Amazon basin, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4410 (1) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
RICARDO CAMPOS-DA-PAZ
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Filament Length ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Fin Length ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Pectoral Fin Rays

A new Hypopygus species is described from the igarapé Saracá, a stream in the lower rio Trombetas system, Pará State, Brazil. It differs from congeners by a unique combination of characters (either primitive or of uncertain polarity) which includes mouth position, interocular width, snout length, postorbital length, pectoral-fin length, snout-to-occiput length, caudal-filament length, counts of pectoral-fin rays and anal-fin rays, distribution of anal-fin chomatophores, as well as a set of osteological features. A phylogenetic analysis indicates that the new species, belongs to a monophyletic subgroup in Hypopygus that includes all congeners, except H. neblinae; its relationships within that clade, however, are currently uncertain, and a brief discussion is provided. Corrections are made concerning some morphometric and meristic information furnished in recent contributions regarding Hypopygus species. 

scholarly journals A world key to the genera of Elcanidae (Insecta, Orthoptera), with a Jurassic new genus and species of Archelcaninae from China

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 954 ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Jun-Jie Gu ◽  
He Tian ◽  
Junyou Wang ◽  
Wenzhe Zhang ◽  
Dong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Fossil Genus

A new fossil genus and species is described from the Middle Jurassic of China. The type of Sinoelcana minutagen. et sp. nov. has body and legs preserved. It is distinguished from all other elcanids by the unique combination of wing venation and stout ovipositor. The sickle-shaped ovipositor suggests that the new species had a preference for oviposition on plant material. A world key to the genera of Elcanidae is provided based on the wing venation.

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