Insurance as maladaptation: Resilience and the ‘business as usual’ paradox

This study, which was reviewed through the Registered Report process, examined the initial efficacy of the Scientific Explorers program (Sci2) on second-grade students’ science achievement. Sci2 is grounded in the growing body of empirical research on science instruction, embedding principles of explicit instruction within a guided inquiry-based design framework. Eighteen second-grade classrooms were randomly assigned to treatment or control conditions. A cluster randomized controlled trial was employed, with 294 students nested within classrooms and classrooms nested within condition. The Sci2 program was implemented for a total of 10 lessons (5 hr) in treatment classrooms, whereas control classrooms provided business-as-usual science instruction. Overall treatment effects were observed on three of four science outcome measures. The reported effects were moderate to large, with effect sizes (Hedges’ g) ranging from 0.48 to 0.94. Moderation analyses indicated that science knowledge at pretest did not moderate Sci2’s effects. Implications for practice and research are discussed.

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Human, AI, Robot Teaming and the Future of Work: Barriers and Opportunities for Advancement

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181320641018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 62-66

Author(s):

Erin K. Chiou ◽

Eric Holder ◽

Igor Dolgov ◽

Kaleb McDowell ◽

Lance Menthe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Economic Value ◽

Panel Discussion ◽

Well Being ◽

Future Of Work ◽

Global Workforce ◽

Big Ideas ◽

The Future ◽

Barriers And Opportunities ◽

Business As Usual ◽

And Robotics

Global investments in artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics are on the rise, with the results to impact global economies, security, safety, and human well-being. The most heralded advances in this space are more often about the technologies that are capable of disrupting business-as-usual than they are about innovation that advances or supports a global workforce. The Future of Work at the Human-Technology Frontier is one of NSF’s 10 Big Ideas for research advancement. This panel discussion focuses on the barriers and opportunities for a future of human and AI/robot teaming, with people at the center of complex systems that provide social, ethical, and economic value.

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Modelling Global Nickel Mining, Supply, Recycling, Stocks-in-Use and Price Under Different Resources and Demand Assumptions for 1850–2200

Mining Metallurgy & Exploration ◽

10.1007/s42461-020-00370-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Hulda Olafsdottir ◽

Harald Ulrik Sverdrup

Keyword(s):

Market Prices ◽

Nickel Extraction ◽

Price Increases ◽

Nickel Mining ◽

Ore Grades ◽

Recoverable Resources ◽

Business As Usual ◽

Ore Grade

AbstractThe long-term supply of nickel to society was assessed with the WORLD7 model for the global nickel cycle, using new estimates of nickel reserves and resources, indicating that the best estimate of the ultimately recoverable resources for nickel is in the range of 650–720 million ton. This is significantly larger than earlier estimates. The extractable amounts were stratified by extraction cost and ore grade in the model, making them extractable only after price increases and cost reductions. The model simulated extraction, supply, ore grades, and market prices. The assessment predicts future scarcity and supply problems after 2100 for nickel. The model reconstructs observed extraction, supply and market prices for the period 1850–2020, and is used to simulate development for the period 2020–2200. The quality of nickel ore has decreased significantly from 1850 to 2020 and will continue to do so in the future according to the simulated predictions from the WORLD7 model. For nickel, extraction rates are suggested to reach their maximum value in 2050, and that most primary nickel resources will have been exhausted by 2130. After 2100, the supply per capita for nickel will decline towards exhaustion if business-as-usual is continuing. This will be manifested as reduced supply and increased prices. The peak year can be delayed by a maximum of 100 years if recycling rates are improved significantly and long before scarcity is visible.

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