scholarly journals Dose-dependent effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram: A combined SPECT and phMRI study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk Schrantee ◽  
Michelle M Solleveld ◽  
Hilde Schwantje ◽  
Willem B Bruin ◽  
Henk-Jan MM Mutsaerts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: Serotonin transporter blockers, like citalopram, dose-dependently bind to the serotonin transporter. Pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging (phMRI) can be used to non-invasively monitor effects of serotonergic medication. Although previous studies showed that phMRI can measure the effect of a single dose of serotoninergic medication, it is currently unclear whether it can also detect dose-dependent effects. Aims: To investigate the dose-dependent phMRI response to citalopram and compared this with serotonin transporter occupancy, measured with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Methods: Forty-five healthy females were randomized to pre-treatment with placebo, a low (4 mg) or clinically standard (16 mg) oral citalopram dose. Prior to citalopram, and 3 h after, subjects underwent SPECT scanning. Subsequently, a phMRI scan with a citalopram challenge (7.5 mg intravenously) was conducted. Change in cerebral blood flow in response to the citalopram challenge was assessed in the thalamus and occipital cortex (control region). Results: Citalopram dose-dependently affected serotonin transporter occupancy, as measured with SPECT. In addition, citalopram dose-dependently affected the phMRI response to intravenous citalopram in the thalamus (but not occipital cortex), but phMRI was less sensitive in distinguishing between groups than SPECT. Serotonin transporter occupancy showed a trend-significant correlation to thalamic cerebral blood flow change. Conclusion: These results suggest that phMRI likely suffers from higher variation than SPECT, but that these techniques probably also assess different functional aspects of the serotonergic synapse; therefore phMRI could complement positron emission tomography/SPECT for measuring effects of serotonergic medication.

scholarly journals Tomographic Studies of rCBF with [99mTc]-HM-PAO SPECT in Patients with Brain Tumors: Comparison with C15O2 Continuous Inhalation Technique and PET

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S90-S94 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-J. Langen ◽  
H. Herzog ◽  
T. Kuwert ◽  
N. Roosen ◽  
E. Rota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Malignant Gliomas ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Inhalation Technique ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Scans ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

In 10 patients with malignant gliomas, the intracerebral distribution of [99mTc]–hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime ([99mTc]–HM-PAO) was studied with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in comparison with C15O2 steady-state inhalation technique to measure cerebral blood flow using positron emission tomography (PET). In all instances, the cerebral [99mTc]–HM-PAO distribution was comparable with the regional pattern of cerebral blood flow (rCBF) observed with PET. This was confirmed by a significant correlation of tumor to cortex and tumor to white matter ratios between these two experimental methods. However, the contrast between high and low activity regions in the SPECT scans was significantly less than that in the PET scans. Contrast enhancement of the SPECT scans was accomplished using a correction formula proposed by Lassen.

scholarly journals Brain Correlates of Memory Processes in Patients with Dementia of Alzheimer's Type: A Spect Activation Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Cardebat ◽  
Jean-François Démonet ◽  
Michèle Puel ◽  
Alain Agniel ◽  
Gerard Viallard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Frontal Region ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Actual Performance

Task-induced changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during verbal episodic memory activation were compared in 17 right-handed patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and 20 healthy volunteers. Regional cerebral blood flow was assessed using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and an injection of 133Xe (xenon, isotope of mass 133) in 21 regions of interest (ROI) during rest, passive listening to 36 words, and memorizing of a 12-word list repeated three times. In healthy subjects, memory—listening comparison showed activation of a distributed system involving several left-sided ROI, especially the posterior inferior frontal region. In patients with DAT, the same pattern of activation was found for listening—rest comparison, and no significant changes were found in memory—listening comparison. During listening compared with rest, significant activation was observed in left-sided hypoperfused regions. A significant correlation between memory performance and rCBF recorded in patients with DAT during the memory task was found only in the right lateral frontal region, a region that was not hypoperfused significantly in patients. The involvement of this region might relate to either retrieval effort or actual performance of patients with DAT on the memory task.

The Use and Applications of Single-Photon Emission Computerised Tomography in Dementia

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (S9) ◽  
pp. 66-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Geaney ◽  
M. T. Abou-Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Computerised Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Future Potential

The introduction of single-photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT) has markedly enhanced the study of brain function. The development of SPECT was the culmination of a series of investigations of cerebral blood flow (CBF) pioneered by Kety and Schmidt in the late 1940s combined with the introduction of transmission computerised tomography (CT) in the early 1960s, in which three-dimensional images are derived from two-dimensional data. Positron-emission tomography (PET), in addition to providing information on cerebral blood flow, also allows the evaluation of brain metabolism and neurotransmitter receptor function. However, the technology required for PET is expensive and sophisticated, with little prospect for general clinical application. Fortunately, SPECT is relatively cheap and is widely available for clinical use. We aim to review the principles and basic techniques of SPECT, its present utility and application to clinical practice, and its future potential in the investigation of brain function.

Improvement in Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebral Vasoreactivity after Extracranial-Intracranial Arterial Bypass

Neurosurgery ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunt H. Batjer ◽  
Michael D. Devous ◽  
Phillip D. Purdy ◽  
Bruce Mickey ◽  
Frederick J. Bonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reserve ◽  
Neurological Improvement

Abstract Regional cerebral blood flow was measured with xenon-133 inhalation single photon emission computed tomography in a patient who developed a neurological deficit after carotid ligation. Hemispheric hypoperfusion was noted in resting studies and impaired vasoreactivity was suggested by lack of symmetrical flow augmentation after acetazolamide administration. Because of progressive neurological deterioration, an extracranial-intracranial bypass was performed. After prompt neurological improvement, repeat cerebral blood flow measurements at 1 and 9 weeks postoperatively confirmed improvement in resting flow and vasoreactivity. It is possible that decreased cerebrovascular reserve implied by measurements of vasoreactivity can identify patients who will benefit from surgical revascularization.

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