Role of Enteral Nutrition in Advanced Cancer Patients: Indications and Contraindications of the Different Techniques Employed

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Ripamonti ◽  
Brett T. Gemlo ◽  
Federico Bozzetti ◽  
Franco De Conno
Keyword(s):  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Total Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Artificial Nutrition ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
Great Progress

Over the last 20 years there has been great progress regarding total parenteral nutrition and enteral nutrition for patients who cannot take food by mouth or cannot swallow, or so that controlled feeding can be established in anorexic and malnourished patients. The use and the role of artificial nutrition is still controversial in advanced cancer patients. Such controversies often are due to the fact that these patients have a survival expectancy that varies from one to several months. The present review describes the most frequent techniques used for enteral nutrition (nasoenteral tubes, gastrostomy and jejunostomy), their indications, contraindications and complications, and gives an indication regarding which patients may really benefit from enteral nutrition taking into consideration not only the potential advantages but also the discomfort and distress related to enteral nutrition and the different techniques that are employed.

scholarly journals Home Artificial Nutrition in Advanced Cancer

1997 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 597-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loris Pironi ◽  
Enrico Ruggeri ◽  
Stephan Tanneberger ◽  
Stefano Giordani ◽  
Franco Pannuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Artificial Nutrition ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Score ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
At Home

Attitudes to home artificial nutrition (HAN) in cancer vary greatly from country to country. A 6-year prospective survey of the practice of HAN in advanced cancer patients applied by a hospital-at-home programme in an Italian health district was performed to estimate the utilization rate, to evaluate efficacy in preventing death from cachexia, maintaining patients at home without burdens and distress and improving patients' performance status, and to obtain information about costs. Patients were eligible for HAN when all the following were present: hypophagia; life expectancy 6 weeks or more, suitable patient and family circumstances; and verbal informed consent. From July 1990 to June 1996, 587 patients were evaluated; 164 were selected for HAN (135 enteral and 29 parenteral) and were followed until 31 December 1996. The incidence of HAN per million inhabitants was 18.4 in the first year of activity and 33.2–36.9 in subsequent years, being 4–10 times greater than rates reported by the Italian HAN registers. On 31 December 1996, 158 patients had died because of the disease and 6 were on treatment. Mean survival was 17.2 weeks for those on enteral nutrition and 12.2 weeks for those on parenteral nutrition. Prediction of survival was 72% accurate. 95 patients had undergone 155 readmissions to hospital, where they spent 15–23% of their survival time. Burdens due to HAN were well accepted by 124 patients, an annoyance or scarcely tolerable in the remainder. The frequency of major complications of parenteral nutrition was 0.67 per year for catheter sepsis and 0.16 per year for deep vein thrombosis. Karnofsky performance score increased in only 13 patients and body weight increased in 43. The fixed direct costs per patient-day (in European Currency Units) were 14.2 for the nutrition team, 18.2 for enteral nutrition and 61 for parenteral nutrition. The results indicate that definite entry criteria and local surveys are required for the correct use of HAN in advanced cancer patients, that HAN can be applied without causing additional burdens and distress, and that its costs are not higher than hospital costs.

The Prognostic Role of Phase Angle in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayane Marinho Esteves Pereira ◽  
Mariana dos Santos Campello Queiroz ◽  
Nathália Masiero Cavalcanti de Albuquerque ◽  
Juliana Rodrigues ◽  
Emanuelly Varea Maria Wiegert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients

Use of parenteral nutrition in patients with advanced cancer

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Soo ◽  
Leah Gramlich
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Intestinal Failure ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Northern Alberta

The purpose of this study is to describe patient-related variables in a cohort of advanced cancer patients (ACPs) enrolled in a home parenteral nutrition (HPN) program. This study reviewed the cohort of ACPs enrolled in the Northern Alberta Home Total Parenteral Nutrition Program (NAHTPNP). Thirty-eight ACPs received HPN during the study period, 24% of all patients admitted for PN. Of these, 27 (71%) were female. Mean age was 48.76 y (SD 13.8 y). Bowel obstruction was the most common indication for initiating HPN (84%, 32) and ovarian cancer was the most common malignancy (34%, 13). Patients who began HPN with a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of greater than 50 (median of 70) were found to have a longer duration of life (median: 6 months) compared with patients who began HPN with a KPS of 50 or below (median = 50; median 3 months; p = 0.01; two-tailed). There was no difference in survival between malignancy type (p = NS). Advanced cancer is the fastest growing indication for enrollment in the HPN program. ACP demonstrated a 3% average annual increase proportionate to all indications for HPN starts, accounting for 7%–48% of HPN starts from 1999–2006. HPN is an increasingly used therapy for patients with advanced cancer, most commonly for intestinal failure in the setting of bowel obstruction. Initiation of HPN at a higher KPS was associated with a longer duration of life. Further studies are needed to validate the use of TPN in end-stage cancer patients.

The role of acculturation in end-of-life outcomes for Latino advanced cancer patients.

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6117-6117
Author(s):  
E. T. Loggers ◽  
E. Soto ◽  
S. Desanto-Madeya ◽  
A. A. Wright ◽  
H. Stieglitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients

Parenteral nutrition in advanced cancer patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Muscaritoli ◽  
Alessio Molfino ◽  
Alessandro Laviano ◽  
Debora Rasio ◽  
Filippo Rossi Fanelli
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients
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