Statistical Test of Difference between Expected Accident Frequencies

1996 ◽  
Vol 1542 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra Hauer
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Accident Frequency ◽  
Specific Circumstance ◽  
Statistical Hypotheses ◽  
The Right

A primer on the testing of some common statistical hypotheses in road safety is presented. The basic notions of statistical hypothesis testing are reviewed and applied to the specific circumstance when one wishes to test a statistical hypothesis about a change in the expected accident frequency beyond what is the result of a change in traffic and similar influences. The hope is that this exposition will illumine the meaning and intricacy of such tests, inform the decision about when such tests are called for, help users choose the right significance or power, and, because software is now available, improve practice in this matter. A companion paper on the detection of deterioration in safety makes use of the foundation provided.

Some problems with Chow's problems with power

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
Deborah G. Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Power Analysis ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Statistical Hypotheses

Chow correctly pinpoints several confusions in the criticisms of statistical hypothesis testing but his book is considerably weakened by its own confusions about concepts of testing (perhaps owing to an often very confusing literature). My focus is on his critique of power analysis (Ch. 6). Having denied that NHSTP considers alternative statistical hypotheses, and having been misled by a quotation from Cohen, Chow finds power analysis conceptually suspect.

scholarly journals Bonferroni's bound: A control of significance level errors in speech pathology and audiology research

1988 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. Kass ◽  
M. Marks Wahlhaus
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Potential Problem ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Subject Variability ◽  
Within Subject Variability

Many studies in behavioral sciences, such as speech pathology and audiology, involve statistical hypothesis testing. Repeated tests are made, for example, of judge reliability in assessing the disorder, or within subject variability, or between subject comparisons over several measures of the disorder or types of treatment. If the error rate of the statistical test is only controlled for each individual test, the overall error rate is magnified and the chance of reporting a significant result where none exists arises. This paper addresses this potential problem, by noting some common procedures that inherently guard against this pitfall, and suggesting a simple, albeit conservative, solution for other cases.

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