A-Cadre: Advanced Family of Manikins for Workstation Design

A-CADRE, an advanced cadre of 17 manikins, is delineated and shown to be valid for assuring population accommodation when applied to workstations. As with the earlier CADRE manikins (Bittner et al., 1986; 1987), a general four-stage procedure was followed in percentile description development, but with variations designed to assure greater reach accommodation within a tighter percentile boundary envelope. A-CADRE manikins were evaluated for process- and outcome-validity in the context of a redesign of a cockpit workstation using a diagnostic model (CAR-IV). A-CADRE's process utility was found both (1) virtually equivalent to a 400-member random sample and (2) slightly greater than the original CADRE. Outcome validity was virtually identical to the original CADRE, and “more than adequate for workstation design purposes.” A-CADRE can assure workstation population accommodation within a tighter percentile boundary.

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A Multidimensional Evaluation of Therapist Behaviour

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s0141347300016694 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 253-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Derek Milne

Keyword(s):

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Random Sample ◽

Outcome Data ◽

Four Dimensions ◽

Interpersonal Effectiveness ◽

Satisfactory Level ◽

Multidimensional Evaluation ◽

Process And Outcome ◽

Predicting Outcome

The difficulty in predicting outcome from therapist behaviour has been attributed to the neglect of some important variables, including the amount and type of therapy, and the skilfulness and interpersonal manner of the therapist. The present study investigated one therapists behaviour in terms of these four dimensions for a random sample of 10 adult outpatients, for whom outcome data were available. Results indicated that the type of therapy was intermediate between prescriptive and exploratory modes, that it was practiced at a satisfactory level of proficiency, and that interpersonal effectiveness was high. The related Clinical outcomes were also satisfactory in relation to the amount of therapy. In addition to illustrating a procedure for evaluating therapist behaviour and showing the correspondence between process and outcome, this “case study” provides evidence to support the need for more objective accounts of therapist behaviour.

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