Diversity and vertical distribution of epiphytic liverworts in lowland rain forest and lowland cloud forest of French Guiana

The lichen flora of tropical areas is still much underworked Java in general and Alas Purwo in East Java for specially is no exception. Alas Purwo National Park is representative of a typical lowland tropical rain forest ecosystem in Java. . It is famous with peculiar and endemic species of plant include sawo kecik (Manilkara kauki) and manggong bamboo (Gigantochloa manggong). , beside among the other plants also ketapang (Terminalia cattapa), nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum), kepuh (Sterculia foetida), and keben (Barringtonia asiatica). Moreover, in lowland tropical rain forest ecosystem have reported the lichens species diversity is very high and may include over 200 species in 1 ha. There is no reported have found concerning the lichens richness in Alas Purwo. Recently preliminary study of Lichens diversity have been done at triangulation Zone Alas Purwo National Park , East Java. The lichens of the study area have not been treated comprehensively. We explored the lichenological characteristics of putative”tropical lowland cloud forest” (LCF) in a lowland area (0–20ma.s.l.) near Triangulation using macrolichens (cortocoulous species) as indicator taxa We analyzed lichen diversity on 20 trees in two 0,25 ha plots. In tropical lowland forests, corticolous green algal lichens are abundant and highly diverse. This may be related to adaptation to prevailing microenvironmental conditions including, for example, high precipitation and low light intensities. In the understory of a tropical lowland rain forest in Alas Purwo , we studied the morphology and anatomy of corticolous lichens and microcristal test. We found that from Tetrasigma sp , Serbella otodans, Hemandia feltata Baringtonia aciatika Pandanaceae Manilcara cauci Swetinia mahagoni trees there are 30 species of lichens, dominated by Dyorigma sp Graphis and Glyphis from familia of Graphidaceae and Dirinaria Physcia Pyxine Ramalina from familia of Parmeliaceae. The thallus calour was variety from Green-grey, Green-bllue, green, light green, grey, brown, dark green to orange. They have vegetative as wel as generative reproduction such as isidia, soralia, soredia, chypellae, histerothecia, perithecia,and apothecia. The lichenic acids contain such as gyrophoric acid, barbatic acid, usnic acid, atranorin, acid, divaricatic acid and lecanoric acid, Keywords: Alas Purwo, lichens and lichenic acid.

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Mammal trap efficiency during the fragmentation by flooding of a neotropical rain forest in French Guiana

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467400001759 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 841-851 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

CHRISTINE FOURNIER-CHAMBRILLON ◽

PASCAL FOURNIER ◽

JEAN-MICHEL GAILLARD ◽

CHRISTOPHE GENTY ◽

ERIC HANSEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Rain Forest ◽

French Guiana ◽

Habitat Modification ◽

Water Inflow ◽

Wet Season ◽

Lowland Rain Forest ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Trap Efficiency ◽

Trophic Resources

During the flooding of primary lowland rain forest by the filling of a hydroelectric reservoir in French Guiana, live-trapping was conducted on 175 subsequently formed islands. Different factors affecting the mammal trap efficiency were analysed. The main results show the real complexity of the sampling problem and the influence of the habitat disturbance due to the flooding. The location and/or the type of traps influenced captures of Dasypus novemcinctus, Proechimys spp., Metachirus nudicaudatus and Philander opossum in relation to their foraging and/or locomotion behaviour, and to to their size. The conformation of the islands (height and size) had no influence on the number of captures, nor on the species richness. The number of captures increased with the number of trapnights during the first water inflow and the level stretch. The best trapping success was observed during the wet season, when the strong habitat modification and the forest fragmentation became more significant. It resulted from the reduction of available land area and trophic resources. One year after the beginning of the water inflow, the decrease of the number of captures with the increasing number of trapnights reflected a real decrease of the number of mammals on the islands. The species richness increased with the number of trapnights in all periods, and was also the highest during the wet season.

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Community assembly during recovery of tropical lowland rain forest from abandoned shift-ing cultivation lands on Hainan Island, China

Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1258.2013.00043 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 415-426

Author(s):

Yun-Feng HUANG ◽

Xing-Hui LU ◽

Run-Guo ZANG ◽

Yi DING ◽

Wen-Xing LONG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Assembly ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Hainan Island ◽

Lowland Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Lowland ◽

Tropical Lowland Rain Forest

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Ants accelerate litter decomposition in a Costa Rican lowland tropical rain forest

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467412000375 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 437-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Terrence P. McGlynn ◽

Evan K. Poirson

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Litter Decomposition ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Costa Rican ◽

Tropical Rain Forests ◽

Rain Forests ◽

Food Web Structure ◽

Litter Bags ◽

Lowland Rain Forest

Abstract:The decomposition of leaf litter is governed, in part, by litter invertebrates. In tropical rain forests, ants are dominant predators in the leaf litter and may alter litter decomposition through the action of a top-down control of food web structure. The role of ants in litter decomposition was investigated in a Costa Rican lowland rain forest with two experiments. In a mesocosm experiment, we manipulated ant presence in 50 ambient leaf-litter mesocosms. In a litterbag gradient experiment, Cecropia obtusifolia litter was used to measure decomposition rate constants across gradients in nutrients, ant density and richness, with 27 separate litterbag treatments for total arthropod exclusion or partial arthropod exclusion. After 2 mo, mass loss in mesocosms containing ants was 30.9%, significantly greater than the 23.5% mass loss in mesocosms without ants. In the litter bags with all arthropods excluded, decomposition was best accounted by the carbon: phosphorus content of soil (r2 = 0.41). In litter bags permitting smaller arthropods but excluding ants, decomposition was best explained by the local biomass of ants in the vicinity of the litter bags (r2 = 0.50). Once the microarthropod prey of ants are permitted to enter litterbags, the biomass of ants near the litterbags overtakes soil chemistry as the regulator of decomposition. In concert, these results support a working hypothesis that litter-dwelling ants are responsible for accelerating litter decomposition in lowland tropical rain forests.

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