scholarly journals Methods for analyzing cost effectiveness data from cluster randomized trials

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max O Bachmann ◽  
Lara Fairall ◽  
Allan Clark ◽  
Miranda Mugford
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trials ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Effectiveness Data

Statistical Methods for Cost-Effectiveness Analyses That Use Data from Cluster Randomized Trials

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Gomes ◽  
Richard Grieve ◽  
Richard Nixon ◽  
W. J. Edmunds
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trials ◽  
Cluster Randomized

scholarly journals Developing Appropriate Methods for Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Cluster Randomized Trials

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Gomes ◽  
Edmond S.-W. Ng ◽  
Richard Grieve ◽  
Richard Nixon ◽  
James Carpenter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trials ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Cluster Randomized

scholarly journals Cluster randomized trials: Another problem for cost-effectiveness ratios

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry N. Flynn ◽  
Tim J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Nonparametric Bootstrap ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Effectiveness Data

Objectives:This work has investigated under what conditions cost-effectiveness data from a cluster randomized trial (CRT) are suitable for analysis using a cluster-adjusted nonparametric bootstrap. The bootstrap's main advantages are in dealing with skewed data and its ability to take correlations between costs and effects into account. However, there are known theoretical problems with a commonly used cluster bootstrap procedure, and the practical implications of these require investigation.Methods:Simulations were used to estimate the coverage of confidence intervals around incremental cost-effectiveness ratios from CRTs using two bootstrap methods.Results:The bootstrap gave excessively narrow confidence intervals, but there was evidence to suggest that, when the number of clusters per treatment arm exceeded 24, it might give acceptable results. The method that resampled individuals as well as clusters did not perform well when cost and effectiveness data were correlated.Conclusions:If economic data from such trials are to be analyzed adequately, then there is a need for further investigations of more complex bootstrap procedures. Similarly, further research is required on methods such as the net benefit approach.

scholarly journals Covariate-constrained Randomization Routine for Achieving Baseline Balance in Cluster-randomized Trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Lorenz ◽  
Sabine Gabrysch
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trials ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Baseline Covariates

In cluster-randomized trials, groups or clusters of individuals, rather than individuals themselves, are randomly allocated to intervention or control. In this article, we describe a new command, ccrand, that implements a covariate-constrained randomization procedure for cluster-randomized trials. It can ensure balance of one or more baseline covariates between trial arms by restriction to allocations that meet specified balance criteria. We provide a brief overview of the theoretical background, describe ccrand and its options, and illustrate it using an example.

Relative efficiency and sample size for cluster randomized trials with variable cluster sizes

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiying You ◽  
O Dale Williams ◽  
Inmaculada Aban ◽  
Edmond Kato Kabagambe ◽  
Hemant K Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trials ◽  
Variable Cluster ◽  
Cluster Randomized
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