scholarly journals Assessment of the onset of lotilaner (Credelio™) speed of kill of fleas on dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Cavalleri ◽  
Martin Murphy ◽  
Wolfgang Seewald ◽  
Jason Drake ◽  
Steve Nanchen
Keyword(s):  
Speed Of Kill

Mortality of Two Lepidopterans in Response to Selected Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner2

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-285
Author(s):  
Richard L. Ridgway ◽  
Robert R. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Speed Of Kill ◽  
Matrix Formulation ◽  
Corn Borer

Five commercial granular formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner marketed for controlling the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), were compared for insecticidal activity using treated discs of bean leaves. Three formulations, Dipel 10G®, Full-Bac ECBG™, and Strike BT®, were similar in terms of both mortality and speed of kill. A formulation containing a strain of B. thuringiensis developed by plasmid fusion, Condor G®, caused mortality similar to the other three formulations, but the speed of kill was slower. A fifth formulation containing a B. thuringiensis toxin produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula as result of a gene transfer, M-Peril™, caused substantially less mortality than any of the other formulations. An experimental water dispersible formulation, based on a previously developed granular matrix formulation containing B. thuringiensis and a nutrient-based phagostimulant, caused significantly higher mortality of the European corn borer than a similar formulation without the phagostimulant. Simulated field studies were conducted to study the effects of the phagostimulant on feeding and protection of B. thuringiensis from ultraviolet (UV) light. Bean plants treated with B. thuringiensis and the phagostimulant were exposed to different UV regimes outdoors under canopies made of specialized acrylic plastics and then infested with larvae of the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). A significant interaction between the UV regimes and the phagostimulant was found, indicating that the phagostimulant acted both as a feeding stimulant and as a UV protectant to enhance the activity of B. thuringiensis.

Infectivity, Speed of Kill, and Productivity of a Baculovirus Expressing the Itch Mite Toxin Txp-1 in Second and Fourth Instar Larvae of Trichoplusia ni

2000 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P Burden ◽  
Rosemary S Hails ◽  
John D Windass ◽  
Marie-Marthe Suner ◽  
Jennifer S Cory
Keyword(s):  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Speed Of Kill

scholarly journals Laboratory evaluation of the efficacy and speed of kill of lotilaner (CredelioTM) against Ixodes ricinus ticks on cats

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Cavalleri ◽  
Martin Murphy ◽  
Wolfgang Seewald ◽  
Jason Drake ◽  
Steve Nanchen
Keyword(s):  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Speed Of Kill ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus Ticks

A laboratory study of the effects of some soil-applied organophosphorus pesticides on Carabidae (Coleoptera)

1972 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Critchley
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Speed Of Kill ◽  
Bembidion Lampros ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Burrowing Behaviour ◽  
Soil Colloids

Time/mortality studies with Carabidae exposed to thionazin, phorate, disulfoton and menazon in an acid sandy loam soil were done in controlled laboratory conditions. Carabids were killed by soil treated with thionazin within dosage rates normally required for satisfactory control of nematode or insect pests of crops, i.e., 2·24–8·96 kg/ha, but menazon was virtually non-toxic. Soil moisture increased the speed of kill of Carabidae in thionazin-treated soil presumably by affecting processes of adsorption and desorption of the pesticide to soil colloids and by influencing burrowing behaviour. The speed of kill increased with a rise in temperature, mortalities occurring 2·2 × faster at 10°C, 8·1 × faster at 15°C and 11·8 × faster at 22°C than at 7°C, but was decreased by illumination which decreased the activity of the nocturnal Carabids. The addition of calcium carbonate to increase soil pH did not alter immediate mortality by thionazin but persistence was decreased. Speed of kill was negatively correlated with adult size of Carabid species that behaved similarly, small species such as Bembidion lampros (Hbst.) (mean weight 2·1–2·2 mg) dying 12–13 × faster than female adults of Pterostichus vulgaris (L.) (mean weight 195 mg). Species which burrowed in soil were more susceptible than those which did not, as were newly moulted or starved adults. At 15°C and in wet conditions the “ half-life ” of thionazin based on speed of kill in a soil of pH 6·1–6·7 was 1–2 weeks but when determined by gas-liquid chromatography was 3–4 weeks at 22°C. Leaching could account for the loss of up to 12% of thionazin from the top 9 cm of soil.

scholarly journals The speed of kill of fluralaner (Bravecto¿) against Ixodes ricinus ticks on dogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Wengenmayer ◽  
Heike Williams ◽  
Eva Zschiesche ◽  
Andreas Moritz ◽  
Judith Langenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Speed Of Kill ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus Ticks

Host Plant Influence on Activity of Bacillus thuringiensisBerliner Against Lepidopterous Pests of Crops

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ibrahim Ali ◽  
S. Y. Young ◽  
R. C. McNew
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Speed Of Kill ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Percent Survival ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

Mortality of second-instar Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) and Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) fed Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt), Dipel ES®-sprayed leaves of field grown cotton, soybean and tomato were compared in laboratory bioassays. The median lethal concentration (LC50) for larvae of all species fed Bt-treated leaf tissue was higher for cotton than for soybean or tomato. The LC50 for larvae fed Bt-treated soybean and tomato leaves did not differ significantly for any species of insects. When the mean number of days until death was plotted against percent survival at that rate, the mean number of days until death increased with an increase in percent survival. Survival time of the three insect species exposed to Bt increased most rapidly when fed cotton leaves. Results show that foliarly-applied Bt on field-grown cotton leaves is less effective against larvae of these pest species in terms of mortality and speed of kill.

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