Mydriatic Response to Topical Naloxone in Opiate Abusers

1986 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Ghodse ◽  
T. H. Bewley ◽  
M. K. Kearney ◽  
S. E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Acute Withdrawal ◽  
Naloxone Hydrochloride ◽  
Opiate Addicts ◽  
Peripheral Action ◽  
Withdrawal Effects

Naloxone hydrochloride eyedrops 1 mg/ml dilated the pupils of 36 out of 47 opiate addicts on methadone maintenance treatment, without precipitation of acute withdrawal effects, but not those of healthy unmedicated subjects. The response in addicts was attenuated by certain ancillary treatments and by withdrawal of methadone treatment. The size of the response suggests some potential clinical use for topical naloxone as a diagnostic test of current opioid influence and possibility of physical dependence. The local mydriatic response, which was restricted to the treated eye, indicates that the effect of opiates on the pupil in man is determined, at least in part, by a peripheral action.

Association study of genetic polymorphisms in GABRD with treatment response and dose in methadone maintenance treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohu Xie ◽  
Jun Gu ◽  
Dingding Zhuang ◽  
Xiaoyu Chen ◽  
Yun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Response ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Heroin Addiction ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Delta Subunit

Aim: This study determined if gene variants in the GABA receptor delta subunit ( GABRD) are associated with treatment response and dose in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for heroin addiction. Materials & methods: A total of 286 MMT patients were recruited and divided into response and nonresponse groups based on retention time in therapy. A total of 177 responders were classified into low dose and high dose subgroups according to the stabilized methadone dose. Four (single nucleotide polymorphisms) SNPs (rs13303344, rs4481796, rs2376805 and rs2229110) in GABRD were genotyped using the TaqMan SNP assay. Logistic regression was used to assess the genetic effects of the SNPs in MMT. Results: No significant associations were observed between the SNPs and treatment response or dose, except the frequency of haplotype ACGC at the four SNPs significantly differed between responders and nonresponders. Conclusion: The results indicated that GABRD variants may play a small role in modulating methadone treatment response.

Sleep quality in heroin addicts under methadone maintenance treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 356-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yu Hsu ◽  
Nan-Ying Chiu ◽  
Jui-Ting Liu ◽  
Chieh-Hui Wang ◽  
Ting-Gang Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Opiate Withdrawal ◽  
Heroin Addicts ◽  
Methadone Dosage ◽  
Opiate Addicts

Hsu W-Y, Chiu N-Y, Liu J-T, Wang C-H, Chang T-G, Liao Y-C, Kuo P-I. Sleep quality in heroin addicts under methadone maintenance treatment.Background: Sleep disturbance is a common phenomenon among opiate addicts. The side effects of opiate addiction or opiate withdrawal might result in sleep disturbance. However, their problems might be related to sedative medication abuse, alcohol abuse or heroin relapse. Sleep is an important issue in this population.Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of sleep disorders in heroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and analyse the correlation between related factors, such as age at opiate exposure, opiate exposure duration, duration in MMT, methadone current dosage, methadone attendance rate and the severity of sleep disorders.Method: We enrolled 121 heroin addicts who were receiving MMT. We collected data on the duration of insomnia, hypnotic history, Visual Analogue Scale-10 of sleep quality, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), methadone dosage, methadone history and opiate history.Results: The mean of the PSQI was 9.1 ± 5.4, and 70.2% of patients had PSQI scores >5, indicating they were poor sleepers. We also found the PSQI scores were correlated significantly with the methadone dosage.Conclusions: The sleep disturbance prevalence rate of opiate addicts under MMT was high in Taiwan, as shown in the previous studies, and the severity of sleep disturbance has been underestimated.

Group Psychotherapy for Opiate Addicts in Methadone Maintenance Treatment – A Controlled Trial

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Scherbaum ◽  
J. Kluwig ◽  
M. Specka ◽  
D. Krause ◽  
B. Merget ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Psychotherapy ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Opiate Addicts

Development of a Brief Treatment Instrument for Routine Clinical Use with Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clients: The Methadone Treatment Index

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1666-1680
Author(s):  
Daryle E. Deering ◽  
J. Douglas Sellman ◽  
Simon J. Adamson ◽  
Jacqueline Horn ◽  
Christopher M. A. Frampton
Keyword(s):  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Brief Treatment

Predictors of Treatment Retention in Enhanced and Standard Methadone Maintenance Treatment for HIV Risk Reduction

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E. Grella ◽  
Stuart E. Wugalter ◽  
M. Douglas Anglin
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Early Discharge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program ◽  
First 90 Days ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Survival analysis was used to determine the predictors of discharge from a methadone maintenance treatment program for heroin addicts at high-risk for HIV infection and/or transmission. A consistent set of predictors was identified that was associated with treatment discharge at 90 days, 12 months, 18 months, and 24 months. Individuals who, at intake, were HIV seropositive, were younger, used cocaine, drank alcohol daily, and scored high on measures of depression and interpersonal problems were at a higher risk for discharge. Receipt of enhanced methadone treatment, which included case management services, group participation, psychiatric services, contingency-based reinforcers, and transportation assistance, was associated with a higher probability of retention, particularly in the first 90 days. These findings can be used to target individuals who are vulnerable to early discharge from treatment and to provide adjunctive services that may improve retention. Several of these predictors, particularly cocaine use and psychological problems, have also been associated with HIV risk among methadone clients. Increasing retention in methadone treatment will not only improve treatment efficacy but will also address the public health imperative to limit the transmission of HIV.

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