Direct and indirect regulation of derrière, a Xenopus mesoderm-inducing factor, by VegT

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (20) ◽  
pp. 4867-4876
Author(s):  
R. J. White ◽  
B. I. Sun ◽  
H. L. Sive ◽  
J. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Xenopus Embryo ◽  
Mesoderm Formation ◽  
Complex Regulation ◽  
Inducing Factors

One candidate for an endogenous mesoderm-inducing factor in Xenopus is derrière, a member of the TGFβ family closely related to Vg1. In this paper we first show that derrière is able to exert long-range effects in the early Xenopus embryo, reinforcing the view that it functions as a secreted factor required for proper formation of posterior structures. Analysis of the derrière promoter shows that expression of the gene is controlled through a complex inductive network involving VegT and TGFβ-related molecules and also, perhaps, FGF family members. The work confirms that derrière plays an important role in mesoderm formation and it illustrates the complex regulation to which inducing factors are subject.

scholarly journals Visualizing Long-Range Movement of the Morphogen Xnr2 in the Xenopus Embryo

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 2312 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.Huw Williams ◽  
Anja Hagemann ◽  
Marcos González-Gaitán ◽  
James C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Xenopus Embryo

Long-Range Correlations and Complex Regulation of Pacing in Long-Distance Road Racing

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Hoos ◽  
Tobias Boeselt ◽  
Martin Steiner ◽  
Kuno Hottenrott ◽  
Ralph Beneke
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Stride Frequency ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Long Range Correlations ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Complex Regulation ◽  
Performance Times

Purpose:To analyze time-domain, spectral, and fractal properties of speed regulation during half-marathon racing.Methods:In 21 male experienced runners, high-resolution data on speed (V), stride frequency (SF), and stride length (SL) were assessed during half-marathon competition (21,098 m). Performance times, timeand frequency-domain variability, spectral-scaling exponent (beta), and fractal dimension (FD) of V, SF, and SL were analyzed.Results:V of 3.65 ± 0.41 m/s, SF of 1.41 ± 0.05 Hz, and SL of 2.58 ± 0.25 m occurred with higher (P < .05) individual variability in V and SL than in SF. Beta and FD were always 1.04–1.88 and 1.56–1.99, respectively. Beta and FD differed (P < .05) in SF and SL compared with V and were correlated in V and SL (r = .91, P < .05). Spectral peaks of V, SF, and SL occurred at wavelengths of 3–35 min, and those of V and SL were interrelated (r = .56, P < .05). Mean SF and mean SL were significantly correlated with performance (r = .59 and r = .95, P < .05). SL accounted for 84% ± 6% and SF for 16% ± 6% of speed variability.Conclusions:The observed nonrandom fluctuations in V, SF, and SL correspond to nonstationary fractional Brownian motion with inherent long-range correlations. This indicates a similar complex regulation process in experienced runners that is primarily mediated via SL.

scholarly journals Identification in Xenopus of a structural homologue of the Drosophila gene snail

Development ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Sargent ◽  
M.F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Zinc Fingers ◽  
Equatorial Zone ◽  
Zygotic Transcription ◽  
Mesoderm Formation ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Inducing Factors ◽  
Mesoderm Inducing Factors ◽  
Structural Homologue ◽  
Binding Loop

We have cloned a Xenopus cDNA that is related to snail, a gene that is required for mesoderm formation in Drosophila. The cDNA encodes a protein that contains five zinc-fingers that closely resemble those of snail. In the non-canonical parts of the DNA-binding loop, there is almost 90% homology between snail and xsna. The corresponding mRNA (xsna) is expressed strongly at the start of zygotic transcription simultaneously with the transcription factor EF1 alpha. In early gastrulae, xsna is equally distributed between the dorsal and ventral halves of the equatorial zone. The possibility that the capacity to synthesise xsna is more localised before the start of zygotic transcription has been investigated by culturing fragments of stage 8 embryos until xsna is synthesised. The capacity to synthesise xsna at stage 8 is located principally in the dorsal half of the equatorial zone. A small amount of maternal xsna is localised in the vegetal hemisphere before zygotic transcription starts. xsna is not present in isolated animal caps but can be induced by the mesoderm-inducing factors XTC-MIF and bFGF. Synthesis of xsna does not occur autonomously in dispersed cells but is restored when cells reaggregate in the presence of calcium and magnesium.

scholarly journals The Secreted Serine Protease xHtrA1 Stimulates Long-Range FGF Signaling in the Early Xenopus Embryo

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirui Hou ◽  
Marco Maccarana ◽  
Tan H. Min ◽  
Ina Strate ◽  
Edgar M. Pera
Keyword(s):  
Serine Protease ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Xenopus Embryo ◽  
Fgf Signaling
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document