Free-Weight Resistance Exercise Versus Weight Machines on Pulse Wave Reflection

Resistance exercise is recommended to increase muscular strength but may also increase pulse wave reflection. The effect of resistance exercise combined with practical blood flow restriction (pBFR) on pulse wave reflection is unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in pulse wave reflection characteristics between bench press with pBFR and traditional high-load bench press in resistance-trained men. Sixteen resistance-trained men participated in the study. Pulse wave reflection characteristics were assessed before and after low-load bench press with pBFR (LL-pBFR), traditional high-load bench press (HL), and a control (CON). A repeated-measures ANOVA was used to evaluate differences in pulse wave reflection characteristics among the conditions across time. There were significant (p ≤ 0.05) interactions for heart rate, augmentation index, augmentation index normalized at 75 bpm, augmentation pressure, time–tension index, and wasted left ventricular energy such that they were increased after LL-pBFR and HL compared with rest and CON, with no differences between LL-pBFR and HL. Aortic pulse pressure (p < 0.001) was elevated only after LL-pBFR compared with rest. In addition, there was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) interaction for aortic diastolic blood pressure (BP) such that it was decreased after LL-pBFR compared with rest and CON but not HL. The subendocardial viability ratio and diastolic pressure–time index were significantly different between LL-pBFR and HL compared with rest and CON. There were no significant interactions for brachial systolic or diastolic BP, aortic systolic BP, or time of the reflected wave. In conclusion, acute bench press resistance exercise significantly altered pulse wave reflection characteristics without differences between LL-pBFR and HL.

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Resistance Exercise on Pulse Wave Reflection and Arterial Stiffness Between Trained and Untrained Individuals

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000536892.78590.0c ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (5S) ◽

pp. 547-548

Author(s):

Jason C. Parks ◽

Erica M. Marshall ◽

Yu Lun Tai ◽

Alaina Glasgow ◽

Leslie Sensibello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Wave Reflection ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Pulse Wave Reflection

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Sex-specific Differences In Pulse Wave Reflection And Arterial Stiffness After Resistance Exercise

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000517807.62558.22 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (5S) ◽

pp. 340-341

Author(s):

Erica M. Marshall ◽

Alaina Glasgow ◽

Yu Lun Thai ◽

J. Derek Kingsley

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Wave Reflection ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Pulse Wave Reflection

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Resistance Exercise And Caffeine On Performance, Hemodynamics, And Pulse Wave Reflection Measure In Resistance-trained Women

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000682936.53970.19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (7S) ◽

pp. 711-711

Author(s):

Kayla R. Hare ◽

Therese Smith ◽

Erica M. Marshall ◽

Jason C. Parks ◽

Stacie M. Humm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Exercise ◽

Wave Reflection ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Pulse Wave Reflection

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Effects of aerobic, resistance and concurrent exercise on pulse wave reflection and autonomic modulation in men with elevated blood pressure

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80800-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paulo Farinatti ◽

Alex da Silva Itaborahy ◽

Tainah de Paula ◽

Walace David Monteiro ◽

Mário F. Neves

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Wave Reflection ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Aortic Pressure ◽

Elevated Blood Pressure ◽

Autonomic Modulation ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Pulse Wave Reflection ◽

Concurrent Exercise

AbstractThe acute effects of exercise modes on pulse wave reflection (PWR) and their relationship with autonomic control remain undefined, particularly in individuals with elevated blood pressure (BP). We compared PWR and autonomic modulation after acute aerobic (AE), resistance (RE), and concurrent exercise (CE) in 15 men with stage-1 hypertension (mean ± SE: 34.7 ± 2.5 years, 28.4 ± 0.6 kg/m2, 133 ± 1/82 ± 2 mmHg). Participants underwent AE, RE, and CE on different days in counterbalanced order. Applanation tonometry and heart rate variability assessments were performed before and 30-min postexercise. Aortic pressure decreased after AE (− 2.4 ± 0.7 mmHg; P = 0.01), RE (− 2.2 ± 0.6 mmHg; P = 0.03), and CE (− 3.1 ± 0.5 mmHg; P = 0.003). Augmentation index remained stable after RE, but lowered after AE (− 5.1 ± 1.7%; P = 0.03) and CE (− 7.6 ± 2.4% P = 0.002). Systolic BP reduction occurred after CE (− 5.3 ± 1.9 mmHg). RR-intervals and parasympathetic modulation lowered after all conditions (~ 30–40%; P < 0.05), while the sympathovagal balance increased after RE (1.2 ± 0.3–1.3 ± 0.3 n.u., P < 0.05). Changes in PWR correlated inversely with sympathetic and directly with vagal modulation in CE. In conclusion, AE, RE, and CE lowered central aortic pressure, but only AE and CE reduced PWR. Overall, those reductions related to decreased parasympathetic and increased sympathetic outflows. Autonomic fluctuations seemed to represent more a consequence than a cause of reduced PWR.

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