scholarly journals The study on the blocking effect of autonomic nerve ganglionic blocking agents upon the sympathetic nervous system

1960 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
Keiji YANAGIYA
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Blocking Effect ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Blocking Agents ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Ganglionic Blocking

Abstract P161: Tai Chi Movements Bring On Parasympathetic Nerve Output As Indicated By Audible Bowel Sounds

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desuo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Parasympathetic Nerve ◽  
Bowel Sounds ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Tai Chi Exercise

Tai Chi movements are unique exercise that can improve cognition, strength somatomotor coordination, and enhance autonomic nerve regulation on internal organ function. The mild increase in heart rate and/or slight sweat during and after practicing Tai Chi indicates the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. There is lack of evidence to show that Tai Chi exercise enhances the activity of parasympathetic nervous system though it has been claimed that practicing Tai Chi could do so. The author tested the hypothesis that Tai Chi exercise brings on an increase in parasympathetic nerve outputs (PNO). The PNO is evaluated by recording the bowel sounds using an audio recorder (Sony digital voice recorder ICD-PX Series) and the data analyses were done using NCH software (WavePad audio editor). The heart rate was simultaneously recorded using a fingertip pulse oximeter (Zacurate Pro Series 500DL) during Tai Chi exercise. All the data was repeatedly collected from a Tai Chi Master in a study period of 6 months. A total of 30 recordings were used to carry out the analysis. The audible bowel sounds occurred when the performer started to do the Ready-Movement of Yang-style Tai Chi. These Tai Chi induced-bowel sounds lasted from the beginning to the end of a set of movements (3-5 min for 24-moves style). The frequency of bowel sounds was in a range of 0.2 to 3.5 Hz. The average number of bowel sounds was approximately 2.5 sounds per Tai Chi Move. The intensity and frequency of the bowel sounds are not related to the change of the performer’s heart rate. In comparison, meditation or deep squat exercise performed by the Tai Chi master did not cause any changes in the bowel sounds. According to the autonomic innervation of the GI tract, increase of bowel movements is mediated by PNO. In conclusion, Tai Chi movements can simultaneously exercise skeletal muscles, sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. The enhancement of parasympathetic nervous system output by Tai Chi exercise is a valuable modality of physical exercise for wellness.

Influence of the Sympathetic Nervous System as Well as Trigeminal Sensory Fibres on Rat Dural Mast Cells

Cephalalgia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
JT Keller ◽  
RVW Dimlich ◽  
M Zuccarello ◽  
L Lanker ◽  
TA Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Trigeminal System ◽  
Vascular Headache ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Potential Clinical Impact

The dura mater has attracted considerable attention as an exquisitely sensitive tissue implicated as playing a role in various cephalalgias including vascular headache. Because of the potential clinical impact of the relationship/interaction of neural elements and mast cells the influence of sensory and autonomic nerve fibres on mast cells of the rat dura mater was studied. The trigeminal or superior cervical ganglion was electrically stimulated and the mast cells were examined. Wholemount supratentorial dural preparations were stained using berberine sulphate and the number of mast cells with intact vs dispersed granules counted. Unilateral stimulation of either ganglia resulted in a statistically significant increase in the percentage of mast cells with dispersed granules ipsilateral to the side of stimulation. These results support our idea that in addition to the trigeminal system the sympathetic nervous system must be considered as playing a role in the oedema pathophysiology of vascular headache.

Neural and hormonal control of blood pressure in conscious monkeys

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (1) ◽  
pp. H107-H112
Author(s):  
K. G. Cornish ◽  
M. W. Barazanji ◽  
R. Iaffaldano
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Random Sequence ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Controlling Mechanism ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Ganglionic Blocking

The contribution of the autonomic nervous system, angiotensin II (ANG II), and arginine vasopressin (AVP) to the control of blood pressure (BP) was examined in 12 chronically instrumented tethered monkeys. The vasopressin antagonist, [d(CH2)5AVP] (Manning Compound, MC), the ANG II antagonist, saralasin (SAR), and the ganglionic blocking drug, hexamethonium (Hx), were injected in a random sequence into the left atrium (LA) while BP and heart rate (HR) were monitored. When given as the first antagonist, MC caused a slight decrease in BP; SAR did not significantly decrease BP regardless of the sequence of administration, whereas Hx caused a consistent decrease in blood pressure of 35–50 mmHg. Seven (4 intact and 3 with renal denervation) additional animals were involved in hemorrhage experiments. Blood pressure was reduced to 50–60 mmHg by hemorrhage and then allowed to return spontaneously. Ten to 15 min after the end of the hemorrhage, MC was given. When blood pressure had stabilized, SAR was given. Blood pressure returned to 80–90 mmHg after the hemorrhage. MC did not affect the blood pressure recovery; however, saralasin reduced it to the post-hemorrhage levels. We would conclude that the sympathetic nervous system is the primary controlling mechanism for BP in the conscious primate, with AVP making a minor contribution. The release of renin would appear to be primarily under the control of the sympathetic nervous system.

Sympathetic Nervous System Blocking Agents

1962 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 881-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Short ◽  
Ursula Biermacher
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Blocking Agents ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

Sympathetic Nervous System Blocking Agents. Derivatives of Guanidine and Related Compounds1

1963 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Short ◽  
Ursula Biermacher ◽  
Daniel A. Dunnigan ◽  
Thomas D. Leth
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Blocking Agents ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Derivatives Of
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