scholarly journals Home Otherwise: Living Archives and Half-Life Politics in Post-Fallout Coastal Fukushima

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Morimoto

While the 2011 nuclear disaster in Japan forced residents out of their coastal Fukushima homes, transforming familiar ecologies into sites of estrangement, Naoko and neighbors remain invested in the material objects and spiritual relations of their houses, within and despite the logics of contamination. These desires to repair domestic livelihoods to nurture a sense of home (ie) and the idea of dying well (ii shinikata) challenge critical theories of nuclear fallout, which frame contamination’s impacts in terms of biopolitical logics and planetary scales. Thus, although contamination regiments the lives of residents through what I call a half-life politics, their practices of house-ing defy these strictures, as planetary contamination becomes experiential, ethnographic, and interscalar, and as people attempt to remake lives in an already injured and irradiated world. 要旨 2011 年東日本大震災に起因する東京電力福島第一発電所事故は近隣の森や 生態系を汚染し、多くの福島県浜通り地区の住民達を長期避難に追いやった。し かしながら住民の多くは汚染されなくなく避難した『家』との縁を切るのではな く、個々の考える『いい死に方』を求め汚染された家との物質的、精神的つながり 求め続けた。このような避難民の原子力事故後の行動は、人間と放射性物質の関 係性を生物的ダメージに特化して語るフォールアウト関連の学術的思考や、事故 後の政策に見られる汚染中心の『半減期的政治』とは異なる考え方の必要性を示 している。この論文は文化人類学的アプローチを使い、人はどのようにして『家』 を保持しようとする行動の中で自分以外のモノとのつながりを認知し、放射能汚 染の様々な規模 -その地域性や普遍性- を理解し、それと共存して行こうとす るのかという問いへの回答を探る. Resumo Enquanto o desastre nuclear de 2011 no Japão forçou os residentes de Fukushima a abandonar suas casas, transformando ecologias familiares em locais de estranhamento, Naoko e seus vizinhos continuam a investir em objetos e em relações espirituais com as suas casas agora emolduradas pela lógica da contaminação. O desejo de recuperar o sentido de lar (ie) e a ideia de morrer bem (ii shinikata) desafia as teorias críticas da contaminação radioativa que maiormente enfatizam o seu impacto em termos biopolíticos e em escala planetária. Assim, embora a contaminação regule o dia a dia dos moradores através do que eu chamo de half-life politics, suas práticas de house-ing desafiam essas restrições. A etnografia revela a contaminação planetária como sendo experiencial e interescalar, e mostra as pessoas refazendo as suas vidas em um mundo já irradiado e ferido. Resumen Mientras el desastre nuclear de 2011 en Japón obligó a los residentes de Fukushima a abandonar sus hogares, transformando ecologías familiares en lugares de extrañamiento, Naoko y sus vecinos siguen invirtiendo en objetos y en relaciones espirituales con sus casas ahora envueltas en la lógica de la contaminación. Los deseos de recuperar el sentido de hogar (ie) y la idea de morir bien (ii shinikata) desafían las teorías críticas sobre la contaminación radioactiva que en su mayoría enfatizan los impactos biopolíticos y la escala planetaria. Así, aunque la contaminación regula el cotidiano a través de lo que llamo half-life politics, las prácticas de house-ing desafían estas restricciones. La etnografía revela a la contaminación planetaria como experiencial e interescalar y muestra a las personas rehaciendo sus vidas en un mundo ya herido e irradiado.

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-375
Author(s):  
Katalin Gábora ◽  
Elena Bărbuș ◽  
Claudiu Peștean ◽  
Maria Iulia Larg ◽  
Eduard Alexandru Bonci ◽  
...  

Introduction. The development of thyroid carcinoma is a complex process, in which both genetic and environmental factors play an important role. The rising incidence of thyroid neoplasm determines researchers to investigate factors implicated in this phenomenon. This article aims to elucidate the effects of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster on the Romanian population, studying the existing literature on radiation induced thyroid carcinoma. We analyzed the main studies published on this matter.Methods. We used the PubMed and Google Scholar databases to search for articles upon the effects of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster on the incidence of thyroid carcinoma in the Romanian population. After a careful review of the existing literature, we selected the relevant and accessible studies, the first observation being that data on thyroid related effects of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster are scarce.Results. From the selected studies, results show that there is a possible link between the Chernobyl fallout and the incidence of thyroid carcinoma. Multiple factors have been studied that play an important role in the increasing number of thyroid carcinoma cases, such as: better diagnostic techniques, incidentalomas, microcarcinomas and radiation exposure. In consequence it is difficult to measure the influence that the Chernobyl nuclear fallout has on thyroid carcinoma incidence.Conclusion. Especially in pediatric patients, there seems to be a convincing evidence of radiation related thyroid carcinoma, while in adult patients the rising incidence due exclusively to nuclear fallout is not that clear. Further studies must be done on this matter to clearly see the influence radiation has on the incidence of thyroid cancer.


1991 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-455
Author(s):  
Michael J. Mahoney
Keyword(s):  

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Schümichen ◽  
B. Mackenbrock ◽  
G. Hoffmann

SummaryThe bone-seeking 99mTc-Sn-pyrophosphate compound (compound A) was diluted both in vitro and in vivo and proved to be unstable both in vitro and in vivo. However, stability was much better in vivo than in vitro and thus the in vitro stability of compound A after dilution in various mediums could be followed up by a consecutive evaluation of the in vivo distribution in the rat. After dilution in neutral normal saline compound A is metastable and after a short half-life it is transformed into the other 99mTc-Sn-pyrophosphate compound A is metastable and after a short half-life in bone but in the kidneys. After dilution in normal saline of low pH and in buffering solutions the stability of compound A is increased. In human plasma compound A is relatively stable but not in plasma water. When compound B is formed in a buffering solution, uptake in the kidneys and excretion in urine is lowered and blood concentration increased.It is assumed that the association of protons to compound A will increase its stability at low concentrations while that to compound B will lead to a strong protein bond in plasma. It is concluded that compound A will not be stable in vivo because of a lack of stability in the extravascular space, and that the protein bond in plasma will be a measure of its in vivo stability.


1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kocak ◽  
R.G. Herbert ◽  
C.R. Squire ◽  
T.M.D. Gimlette

Radioiodine in the thyroid gland after a therapy dose of 131I was measured serially in 7 patients without Carbimazole, and in 11 patients starting Carbimazole 60 mg daily fourteen days after the therapy dose. Effective half-life for radioiodine in the gland initially 5.53±1.08 days fell to 4.26±1.12 days (p < 0.01) during Carbimazole, and returned to 5.83±1.21 days (NS) after stopping the drug. The radiation dose to the thyroid from a given therapy dose of 131I followed by Carbimazole was calculated to be 97% of that without Carbimazole when the drug was started after 14 days, and 90% and 75% when the drug was started after 7 days and 1 day respectively.


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