scholarly journals Exploring teachers’ and learners’ overlapped turns in the language classroom: Implications for classroom interactional competence

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-606
Author(s):  
Marco Octavio Cancino Avila
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Classroom Discourse ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Interactional Competence ◽  
Language Choices ◽  
Opportunities For Learning ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Interactional Features

The language choices that teachers make in the language classroom have been found to influence the opportunities for learning given to learners (Seedhouse, 2004; Walsh, 2012; Waring, 2009, 2011). The present study expands on research addressing learner-initiated contributions (Garton, 2012; Jacknick, 2011; Waring, Reddington, & Tadic, 2016; Yataganbaba & Yıldırım, 2016) by demonstrating that opportunities for participation and learning can be promoted when teachers allow learners to expand and finish their overlapped turns. Audio recordings of lessons portraying language classroom interaction from three teachers in an adult foreign language classroom (EFL) setting were analyzed and discussed through conversation analysis (CA) methodology. Findings suggest that when teachers are able to navigate overlapping talk in such a way that provides interactional space for learners to complete their contributions, they demonstrate classroom interactional competence (Sert, 2015; Walsh, 2006). The present study contributes to the literature by addressing interactional features that increase interactional space, and an approach to teacher and learner talk that highlights CA’s methodological advantages in capturing the interactional nuances of classroom discourse.

Classroom Discourse and Multimodal Conversation Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-40
Author(s):  
Christine M. Jacknick
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Classroom Discourse ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Student Participation ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Interactional Competence ◽  
Movement Artifacts

This chapter provides a background of classroom discourse research with particular focus on research into the interactional organization of classroom interaction. Walsh’s (200, 2011) modes are introduced as a key framework for this volume. Prior research on student participation is summarized here, including the concepts of (un)willingness to participate and classroom interactional competence. Finally, multimodal conversation analysis, the methodological framework for this volume, is presented, including brief summaries of research on gaze, gesture, body movement, artifacts, and complex multimodal Gestalts. Notes on transcription practices are presented here, as well as descriptions of the data corpora drawn upon for this study.

scholarly journals La reparación en la interacción oral de estudiantes de ELE: comparación entre interacciones de práctica en el aula e interacciones en contextos de evaluación

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-250
Author(s):  
Laura Acosta Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Interactional Competence ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Language Classrooms ◽  
Oral Interaction

AbstractBased on the concept of interactional competence (Hellermann, 2008; Seedhouse, 2004; Walsh, 2011; Young, 2008), our study analyzes how learners of Spanish as a foreign language in a B2 level manage repair in oral interaction in language classrooms. We understand repair as “the treatment of trouble in talk-in-interaction” (Young, 2008, p. 49). A corpus of eleven interactions between students in the classroom is analyzed through the perspective of Conversation Analysis. The interactions were collected in different kinds of tasks in the language classroom. In our analysis we compare interactions produced in practice activities and interactions collected during assessment. The findings in this study show a tendency to manage repair in classroom oral interaction as it would be done in normal conversation. Regarding the different contexts of our corpus, we observe that, in interactions produced in assessment contexts, speakers try to protect their interlocutor’s face and their own face by avoiding to make repairs.

scholarly journals Increasing EFL Learner Participation through Eliciting Language: Insights from Conversation Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-90
Author(s):  
Marco Cancino
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Classroom Context ◽  
Interactional Competence ◽  
Learner Participation ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Approach To Teaching ◽  
Learner Language ◽  
Oriented Approach

The idea that interaction shapes learning in the second language classroom by increasing opportunities for participation, and that teachers can achieve this by adequately eliciting language from learners has been discussed in the literature. However, research specifying interactional resources deployed by teachers when eliciting language from their learners has been scarce. To this end, the present study used conversation analysis to examine the interactional resources produced in the elicitation of questions belonging to a specific lesson stage, namely, the ‘classroom context mode’ (CCM). In the CCM, fluency and meaningful exchanges are encouraged, and learners are prompted to talk about their feelings, emotions, and experiences, which represent a fruitful interactional juncture for eliciting learner language. The data collected in the present study come from four teachers and their students in an adult English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom at a language institute in Chile. The participants were audio-recorded over a total of six lessons that were delivered as part of a 10-week course. From the analysis, two novel elicitation resources, namely the ‘effective management of closed questions’ and the ‘use of open referential questions as initiators of CCM’, were found to promote a facilitator-oriented approach to teaching. The pedagogical value of these resources is discussed in terms of their potential for initiating and sustaining a CCM, and their inclusion in a framework that seeks to develop teachers’ classroom interactional competence.

scholarly journals PRAKTEK KEKUASAAN DAN DOMINASI GURU DI DALAM KELAS DITINJAU DARI STRUKTUR WACANA PEDAGOGIK PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Hamzah Hamzah ◽  
Kurnia Ningsih
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Classroom Discourse ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
English Teacher

This study is aimed at exploring the way the English teachers at senior high schools exercise power and domination during the teaching and learning process. Conversation analysis and critical discourse analysis were used to analyze the data. The data were generated from thirty transcripts of classroom interaction comprising of two academic hour session for each transcript. The findings of this study revealed that the English teacher still exercised strong power and domination in the classroom. Most exchanges were initiated by the teacher (93%), and the students involvements were limited to providing responses in accordance with the information initiated by their teacher. The teachers’ domination was also seen in the length of the turns. The teachers normally had extended turn comprising one clause or more, while students’ contributions were normally short consisting of one word, one phrase, and one clause was the longest in each turn. Beside the two indicators, the teachers’ power and domination were seen in controlling the topic, giving instruction, asking close questions and providing correction. Key words: conversation, classroom discourse, power and domination

scholarly journals TRACING NATIVE TEACHER TALK AND CLASSROOM INTERACTION IN EFL CONTEXT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Jihan Aisah Kirahla ◽  
Peptia Asrining Tyas
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Teacher Talk ◽  
Efl Context ◽  
Young Learners ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
The Way

Since teacher talk is a necessary input for the students in an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classroom, the objectives of this study are analyzing the categories of teacher talk and the classroom interaction in young learners’ classroom at reputable English Courses in Malang. This study used descriptive qualitative as the research design by using an observation sheets and an interview guide as the instruments. Besides, the researcher recorded the audio for every meeting. The result shows that, the teacher talk used in the classroom has been classified as direct teacher talk covering informing something, giving directions, and justifying students’ authority. For the classroom interaction in the class, it was found that the way students responded to their teacher’s talk was by individually. Further, it was found that direct teacher talk was implemented in the learning process and the implementations of this teacher talk were also connected with the way the students respond to their teacher talk

Negotiating knowledge bases in pedagogical discourse: relevance of identities to language classroom interactions

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo-An Lee
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Classroom Teachers ◽  
Pedagogical Discourse ◽  
Language Classroom

AbstractIdentities are about how people position themselves in their social surroundings individually and collectively. Research in applied linguistics shows how identities seem multifaceted, emergent, and constantly changing. The present study finds its analytic resources in conversation analysis (CA) and describes how access to particular knowledge can make different identities relevant in the contingent choices during real-time classroom interaction. Based on transcribed questioning sequences taken from English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom, the analysis demonstrates the intricate negotiation between classroom teachers and their non-native students in determining what knowledge is relevant among multiple possibilities. What underlies these sequences is the work of managing asymmetries in the knowledge base between teachers and their students as they come to terms with various competing knowledge bases, whether about content knowledge, target language, or personal experience. The findings suggest that participants deploy a far greater variety of identities than the pre-set categories of native/non-native speakers and that the presence of multiple identities is a central analytic resource as it shows the process by which the participants establish the relevant knowledge bases for the task at hand.

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