Carrion Crow Corvus Corone Breeding In Lubuskie Province, W Poland

Abstract In 2013, a clutch of the Carrion Crow Corvus corone was recorded in the Warta Mouth National Park, western Poland. In April and the first half of May a female incubating two and later four eggs was observed. In mid-May the nest was found empty, indicating that the failure occurred during incubation or the early nestling stage. No male was observed until that time. However, two Carrion Crows were recorded near the nest after the breeding failure, which indicates that it was indeed a breeding attempt made by a homogamic (“pure”) Carrion Crow’s pair. This is the first case described for the Lubuskie Province and the second for Poland in the last 200 years.

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Observation of female-male mounting in the carrion crow

10.1101/2020.05.26.116004 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Claudia A.F. Wascher ◽

Friederike Hillemann

Keyword(s):

Male Partner ◽

Carrion Crow ◽

Quantitative Studies ◽

Sexual Behaviours ◽

Corvus Corone ◽

Term Pair

AbstractWe report an observation of a female carrion crow, Corvus corone corone, mounting her long-term, pair-bonded, male partner. The report highlights the importance of more systematic quantitative studies of rare socio-sexual behaviours, which could provide important insights into the evolution of non-conceptive socio-sexual behaviours.

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Habitual Stone-Tool Aided Extractive Foraging in White-Faced Capuchins, Cebus Capucinus

10.1101/351619 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Brendan J Barrett ◽

Claudio M Monteza-moreno ◽

Tamara DOGANDŽIĆ ◽

Nicolas Zwyns ◽

Alicia IBÁÑEZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tool Use ◽

National Park ◽

Resource Limitation ◽

Stone Tools ◽

Cebus Capucinus ◽

Hermit Crabs ◽

Stone Tool ◽

Extractive Foraging ◽

First Case ◽

One Year

ABSTRACTHabitual reliance on tool use is a marked behavioral difference between wild robust (genus Sapajus) and gracile (genus Cebus) capuchin monkeys. Despite being well studied and having a rich repertoire of social and extractive foraging traditions, Cebus sp have rarely been observed engaging in tool use and have never been reported to use stone tools. In contrast, habitual tool use and stone-tool use by Sapajus is widespread. We discuss factors which might explain these differences in patterns of tool use between Cebus and Sapajus. We then report the first case of habitual stone-tool use in a gracile capuchin: a population of white-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus imitator) in Coiba National Park, Panama who habitually rely on hammerstone and anvil tool use to access structurally protected food items in coastal areas including Terminalia catappa seeds, hermit crabs, marine snails, terrestrial crabs, and other items. This behavior has persisted on one island in Coiba National Park since at least 2004. From one year of camera trapping, we found that stone tool use is strongly male-biased. Of the 205 unique camera-trap-days where tool use was recorded, adult females were never observed to use stone-tools, although they were frequently recorded at the sites and engaged in scrounging behavior. Stone-tool use occurs year-round in this population, and over half of all identifiable individuals were observed participating. At the most active tool use site, 83.2% of days where capuchins were sighted corresponded with tool use. Capuchins inhabiting the Coiba archipelago are highly terrestrial, under decreased predation pressure and potentially experience resource limitation compared to mainland populations– three conditions considered important for the evolution of stone tool use. White-faced capuchin tool use in Coiba National Park thus offers unique opportunities to explore the ecological drivers and evolutionary underpinnings of stone tool use in a comparative within- and between-species context.

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Habitual stone-tool-aided extractive foraging in white-faced capuchins, Cebus capucinus

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.181002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 181002 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Brendan J. Barrett ◽

Claudio M. Monteza-Moreno ◽

Tamara Dogandžić ◽

Nicolas Zwyns ◽

Alicia Ibáñez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tool Use ◽

National Park ◽

Resource Limitation ◽

Stone Tools ◽

Cebus Capucinus ◽

Hermit Crabs ◽

Stone Tool ◽

Extractive Foraging ◽

Marine Snails ◽

First Case

Habitual reliance on tool use is a marked behavioural difference between wild robust (genus Sapajus ) and gracile (genus Cebus ) capuchin monkeys. Despite being well studied and having a rich repertoire of social and extractive foraging traditions, Cebus sp. rarely use tools and have never been observed using stone tools. By contrast, habitual tool use by Sapajus is widespread. We review theory and discuss factors which might explain these differences in patterns of tool use between Cebus and Sapajus . We then report the first case of habitual stone tool use in a gracile capuchin: a population of white-faced capuchins ( Cebus capucinus imitator ) in Coiba National Park, Panama who habitually rely on hammerstone and anvil tool use to access structurally protected food items in coastal areas including Terminalia catappa seeds, hermit crabs, marine snails, terrestrial crabs and other items. This behaviour has persisted on one island in Coiba National Park since at least 2004. From 1 year of camera trapping, we found that stone tool use is strongly male-biased. Of the 205 camera trap days where tool use was recorded, adult females were never observed to use stone tools, although they were frequently recorded at the sites and engaged in scrounging behaviour. Stone tool use occurs year-round in this population; over half of all identifiable individuals were observed participating. At the most active tool use site, 83.2% of days where capuchins were sighted corresponded with tool use. Capuchins inhabiting the Coiba archipelago are highly terrestrial, under decreased predation pressure and potentially experience resource limitation compared to mainland populations—three conditions considered important for the evolution of stone tool use. White-faced capuchin tool use in Coiba National Park thus offers unique opportunities to explore the ecological drivers and evolutionary underpinnings of stone tool use in a comparative within- and between-species context.

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COOPERATIVELY BREEDING GROUPS OF CARRION CROW(CORVUS CORONE CORONE) IN NORTHERN SPAIN

The Auk ◽

10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0790:cbgocc]2.0.co;2 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 119 (3) ◽

pp. 790 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Vittorio Baglione ◽

José M. Marcos ◽

Daniela Canestrari

Keyword(s):

Northern Spain ◽

Carrion Crow ◽

Cooperatively Breeding ◽

Corvus Corone ◽

Breeding Groups

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First reported case of fatal tuberculosis in a wild African elephant with past human–wildlife contact

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268813000022 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 141 (7) ◽

pp. 1476-1480 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

V. OBANDA ◽

J. POGHON ◽

M. YONGO ◽

I. MULEI ◽

M. NGOTHO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

National Park ◽

African Elephant ◽

Post Mortem ◽

African Elephants ◽

First Case ◽

In The Wild

SUMMARYTuberculosis is emerging/re-emerging in captive elephant populations, where it causes morbidity and deaths, although no case of TB in wild African elephants has been reported. In this paper we report the first case of fatal TB in an African elephant in the wild. The infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed by post-mortem and histological examinations of a female sub-adult elephant aged >12 years that died in Tsavo East National Park, Kenya, while under treatment. This case is unique in that during its lifetime the elephant had contact with both humans and wild elephants. The source of the infection was unclear because the elephant could have acquired the infection in the orphanage or in the wild. However, our results show that wild elephants can maintain human TB in the wild and that the infection can be fatal.

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