scholarly journals The Cumulative Effects of Predictability on Synaptic Gain in the Auditory Processing Stream

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (28) ◽  
pp. 6751-6760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Auksztulewicz ◽  
Nicolas Barascud ◽  
Gerald Cooray ◽  
Anna Christina Nobre ◽  
Maria Chait ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Processing Stream ◽  
Synaptic Gain

scholarly journals The processing of audio-visual speech: empirical and neural bases

2007 ◽  
Vol 363 (1493) ◽  
pp. 1001-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Mcgurk Effect ◽  
Visual Speech ◽  
Input Stream ◽  
Auditory Speech ◽  
Processing Stream ◽  
Specific Order ◽  
Modes Of Processing ◽  
Speech Information

In this selective review, I outline a number of ways in which seeing the talker affects auditory perception of speech, including, but not confined to, the McGurk effect. To date, studies suggest that all linguistic levels are susceptible to visual influence, and that two main modes of processing can be described: a complementary mode, whereby vision provides information more efficiently than hearing for some under-specified parts of the speech stream, and a correlated mode, whereby vision partially duplicates information about dynamic articulatory patterning. Cortical correlates of seen speech suggest that at the neurological as well as the perceptual level, auditory processing of speech is affected by vision, so that ‘auditory speech regions’ are activated by seen speech. The processing of natural speech, whether it is heard, seen or heard and seen, activates the perisylvian language regions (left>right). It is highly probable that activation occurs in a specific order. First, superior temporal, then inferior parietal and finally inferior frontal regions (left>right) are activated. There is some differentiation of the visual input stream to the core perisylvian language system, suggesting that complementary seen speech information makes special use of the visual ventral processing stream, while for correlated visual speech, the dorsal processing stream, which is sensitive to visual movement, may be relatively more involved.

Comparison of Auditory, Language, Memory, and Attention Abilities in Children With and Without Listening Difficulties

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-727
Author(s):  
Beula M. Magimairaj ◽  
Naveen K. Nagaraj ◽  
Alexander V. Sergeev ◽  
Natalie J. Benafield
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

Objectives School-age children with and without parent-reported listening difficulties (LiD) were compared on auditory processing, language, memory, and attention abilities. The objective was to extend what is known so far in the literature about children with LiD by using multiple measures and selective novel measures across the above areas. Design Twenty-six children who were reported by their parents as having LiD and 26 age-matched typically developing children completed clinical tests of auditory processing and multiple measures of language, attention, and memory. All children had normal-range pure-tone hearing thresholds bilaterally. Group differences were examined. Results In addition to significantly poorer speech-perception-in-noise scores, children with LiD had reduced speed and accuracy of word retrieval from long-term memory, poorer short-term memory, sentence recall, and inferencing ability. Statistically significant group differences were of moderate effect size; however, standard test scores of children with LiD were not clinically poor. No statistically significant group differences were observed in attention, working memory capacity, vocabulary, and nonverbal IQ. Conclusions Mild signal-to-noise ratio loss, as reflected by the group mean of children with LiD, supported the children's functional listening problems. In addition, children's relative weakness in select areas of language performance, short-term memory, and long-term memory lexical retrieval speed and accuracy added to previous research on evidence-based areas that need to be evaluated in children with LiD who almost always have heterogenous profiles. Importantly, the functional difficulties faced by children with LiD in relation to their test results indicated, to some extent, that commonly used assessments may not be adequately capturing the children's listening challenges. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12808607

Sensory and Cognitive Components of Auditory Processing in Individuals With Tinnitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 834-842
Author(s):  
Harini Vasudevan ◽  
Hari Prakash Palaniswamy ◽  
Ramaswamy Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Auditory Selective Attention ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Mode Function ◽  
Related Potentials

Purpose The main purpose of the study is to explore the auditory selective attention abilities (using event-related potentials) and the neuronal oscillatory activity in the default mode network sites (using electroencephalogram [EEG]) in individuals with tinnitus. Method Auditory selective attention was measured using P300, and the resting state EEG was assessed using the default mode function analysis. Ten individuals with continuous and bothersome tinnitus along with 10 age- and gender-matched control participants underwent event-related potential testing and 5 min of EEG recording (at wakeful rest). Results Individuals with tinnitus were observed to have larger N1 and P3 amplitudes along with prolonged P3 latency. The default mode function analysis revealed no significant oscillatory differences between the groups. Conclusion The current study shows changes in both the early sensory and late cognitive components of auditory processing. The change in the P3 component is suggestive of selective auditory attention deficit, and the sensory component (N1) suggests an altered bottom-up processing in individuals with tinnitus.

Factor Analysis of Measures of Articulation, Language, Auditory Processing, Reading-Spelling, and Maxillofacial Structure

1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Anita F. Johnson ◽  
Ralph L. Shelton ◽  
William B. Arndt ◽  
Montie L. Furr
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Auditory Processing

This study was concerned with the correspondence between the classification of measures by clinical judgment and by factor analysis. Forty-six measures were selected to assess language, auditory processing, reading-spelling, maxillofacial structure, articulation, and other processes. These were applied to 98 misarticulating eight- and nine-year-old children. Factors derived from the analysis corresponded well with categories the measures were selected to represent.

Patterns of Auditory Processing and Articulation Deficits in Academically Deficient Juvenile Delinquents

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Zinkus ◽  
Marvin I. Gottlieb
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Early School ◽  
Articulation Disorders ◽  
Processing Deficits ◽  
Academically Deficient ◽  
School Period ◽  
Speech And Language Disorders

Auditory processing deficits and articulation disorders were studied in a group of male juvenile delinquents. Significant auditory processing deficits were frequently observed and were significantly related to underachievement in reading, spelling, and arithmetic. In addition, articulation disorders were present in over 60% of the delinquent subjects. The results are interpreted to indicate that the evaluation of speech capabilities and auditory processing skills should be an integral part of treatment programs for delinquent populations. The importance of early intervention through identification and treatment of speech and language disorders in the early school period is supported.

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