scholarly journals Tonic vasomotor control by the rostral ventrolateral medulla: effect of electrical or chemical stimulation of the area containing C1 adrenaline neurons on arterial pressure, heart rate, and plasma catecholamines and vasopressin

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 474-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
CA Ross ◽  
DA Ruggiero ◽  
DH Park ◽  
TH Joh ◽  
AF Sved ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Chemical Stimulation ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Vasomotor Control ◽  
Stimulation Of

Orexins Depolarize Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Neurons and Increase Arterial Pressure and Heart Rate in Rats Mainly via Orexin 2 Receptors

2010 ◽  
Vol 334 (2) ◽  
pp. 522-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Cheng Huang ◽  
Yu-Wen E. Dai ◽  
Yen-Hsien Lee ◽  
Lih-Chu Chiou ◽  
Ling-Ling Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla

Galanin microinjection into rostral ventrolateral medulla of the rat is hypotensive and attenuates sympathetic chemoreflex

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (4) ◽  
pp. R1019-R1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen B. G. Abbott ◽  
Paul M. Pilowsky
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Somatosympathetic Reflex

Galanin is present in neurons in the brain that are important in the control of arterial pressure, and intracisternal administration of galanin evokes hypotension, but the site of action is unknown. In urethane-anesthetized, vagotomized mechanically ventilated Sprague-Dawley rats ( n = 34), we investigated the effects of microinjecting galanin (1 mM, 50 nl, 50 pmol) into the rostral ventrolateral medulla on resting splanchnic sympathetic nerve activity, arterial pressure, heart rate, and phrenic nerve activity. Second, we determined the effect of microinjecting galanin into the rostral ventrolateral medulla on the cardiovascular response to stimulation of central and peripheral chemoreceptors, arterial baroreceptors, and the somatosympathetic reflex. Galanin caused a prolonged reduction in resting splanchnic sympathetic nerve activity (−37.0 ± 7.2% of baseline), mean arterial pressure (−17.0 ± 3.5 mmHg), and heart rate (−25.0 ± 9.1 beats/min). Galanin increased the sympathoinhibitory response to aortic depressor nerve stimulation by 51.8%, had no effect on the somatosympathetic reflex, and markedly attenuated the effect of hypercapnia and hypoxia on arterial pressure (by 65% and 92.4% of control, respectively). These results suggest a role for galanin neurotransmission in the integration of the cardiovascular responses to hypoxia, hypercapnia, and the sympathetic baroreflex in the rostral ventrolateral medulla. The data suggest that galanin may be an important peptide in the homeostatic regulation of chemosensory reflexes.

Connections between the pontine reticular formation and rostral ventrolateral medulla

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (4) ◽  
pp. H1386-H1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Krassioukov ◽  
L. C. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Pontine Reticular Formation ◽  
Renal Nerve

Pontine reticular formation (PRF) neurons provide tonic excitatory drive to sympathetic nerves and are involved in cardiovascular control [K. Hayes and L. C. Weaver. Am. J. Physiol. 263 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 32): H1567-H1575, 1992]. However, connections between the PRF and the well-known vasomotor region in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) are unknown. In propofol (Diprivan)- anesthetized rats we investigated arterial pressure, heart rate, and renal nerve responses to microinjection of glycine (1.0 M, 60 nl) into the PRF before and after injection of the synaptic blocking agent cobalt chloride (4.0 mM, 200 nl) into the RVLM. Glycine injections into the PRF caused decreases in arterial pressure, heart rate, and discharge of renal sympathetic nerves. Synaptic blockade of the RVLM almost eliminated cardiovascular and sympathetic responses to glycine injections into the PRF and blocked somatosympathetic reflexes in the renal nerve. Cobalt injections into the RVLM had very small effects on basal renal nerve firing, arterial pressure, or heart rate. These results suggest that the neurons within the RVLM relay influences from the PRF to sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Because injections of the excitatory amino acid antagonist, kynurenate, into the RVLM also interrupted responses to blockade of the PRF and blocked somatosympathetic reflexes, glutamate is a likely neurotransmitter from the PRF to the RVLM and for somatosympathetic reflexes.

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