Rupatadine 10 mg in the treatment of immediate mosquito-bite allergy

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 919-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karppinen ◽  
H. Brummer-Korvenkontio ◽  
T. Reunala ◽  
I. Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Bite

scholarly journals Antibody Response Against Anopheles albimanus (Diptera: Culicidae) Salivary Protein as a Measure of Mosquito Bite Exposure in Haiti

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1156-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berlin L. Londono-Renteria ◽  
Thomas P. Eisele ◽  
Joseph Keating ◽  
Mark A. James ◽  
Dawn M. Wesson
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
Anopheles Albimanus ◽  
Mosquito Bite

scholarly journals Roles of Mast Cells and Histamine in Mosquito Bite-Induced Allergic Itch-Associated Responses in Mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Ohtsuka ◽  
Sanae Kawai ◽  
Tomohiro Ichikawa ◽  
Hiroshi Nojima ◽  
Kanji Kitagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Mosquito Bite

Study on the correlation between age and changes in mosquito bite response

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1471-1474
Author(s):  
Keiko Oka ◽  
Noriko Ohtaki ◽  
Ken Igawa ◽  
Hiroo Yokozeki
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Bite

scholarly journals Cyclic GMP Balance Is Critical for Malaria Parasite Transmission from the Mosquito to the Mammalian Host

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viswanathan Lakshmanan ◽  
Matthew E. Fishbaugher ◽  
Bob Morrison ◽  
Michael Baldwin ◽  
Michael Macarulay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Cyclic Gmp ◽  
Cyclic Nucleotide ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Plasmodium Yoelii ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Parasite Transmission ◽  
Mosquito Bite

ABSTRACT Transmission of malaria occurs during Anopheles mosquito vector blood meals, when Plasmodium sporozoites that have invaded the mosquito salivary glands are delivered to the mammalian host. Sporozoites display a unique form of motility that is essential for their movement across cellular host barriers and invasion of hepatocytes. While the molecular machinery powering motility and invasion is increasingly well defined, the signaling events that control these essential parasite activities have not been clearly delineated. Here, we identify a phosphodiesterase (PDEγ) in Plasmodium, a regulator of signaling through cyclic nucleotide second messengers. Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) analysis and epitope tagging of endogenous PDEγ detected its expression in blood stages and sporozoites of Plasmodium yoelii. Deletion of PDEγ (pdeγ−) rendered sporozoites nonmotile, and they failed to invade the mosquito salivary glands. Consequently, PDEγ deletion completely blocked parasite transmission by mosquito bite. Strikingly, pdeγ− sporozoites showed dramatically elevated levels of cyclic GMP (cGMP), indicating that a perturbation in cyclic nucleotide balance is involved in the observed phenotypic defects. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of pdeγ− sporozoites revealed reduced transcript abundance of genes that encode key components of the motility and invasion apparatus. Our data reveal a crucial role for PDEγ in maintaining the cyclic nucleotide balance in the malaria parasite sporozoite stage, which in turn is essential for parasite transmission from mosquito to mammal. IMPORTANCE Malaria is a formidable threat to human health worldwide, and there is an urgent need to identify novel drug targets for this parasitic disease. The parasite is transmitted by mosquito bite, inoculating the host with infectious sporozoite stages. We show that cellular signaling by cyclic nucleotides is critical for transmission of the parasite from the mosquito vector to the mammalian host. Parasite phosphodiesterase γ is essential for maintaining cyclic nucleotide balance, and its deletion blocks transmission of sporozoites. A deeper understanding of the signaling mechanisms involved in transmission might inform the discovery of novel drugs that interrupt this essential step in the parasite life cycle.

scholarly journals Malaria Knowledge, Concern, Land Management, and Protection Practices among Land Owners and/or Managers in Lowland versus Highland Ecuador

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lauren L. Pinault ◽  
Fiona F. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Larval Habitat ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Mosquito Bite ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Basic Relationship ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Definition Of

To control malaria effectively, it is essential to understand the current knowledge, beliefs, concerns, land management practices, and mosquito bite protection methods in use by citizens. This study presents a comparative, quantitative, interview-based study of land owners and/or managers () in the Ecuadorian lowlands (presently considered malarious) () and highlands (potentially malarious in the future) (). Although respondents had a strong understanding of where the disease occurs in their own country and of the basic relationship among standing water, mosquitoes, and malaria, about half of respondents in potential risk areas denied the current possibility of malaria infection on their own property. As well, about half of respondents with potential anopheline larval habitat did not report its presence, likely due to a highly specific definition of suitable mosquito habitat. Most respondents who are considered at risk of malaria currently use at least one type of mosquito bite prevention, most commonly bed nets.

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