Fluorene-Type Polymer Photodetectors Doped with Iridium and Platinum Complexes as Opto-Electrical Conversion Devices

2012 ◽  
Vol 1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotake Kajii ◽  
Hiroki Ohmori ◽  
Yusuke Sato ◽  
Akihiro Katsura ◽  
Yutaka Ohmori
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Platinum Complexes ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Excited Singlet ◽  
Excited Triplet ◽  
Optical Links ◽  
Singlet States ◽  
Excited Singlet States ◽  
Excited Triplet States

ABSTRACTTo improve the conversion efficiency of polymer photodetectors (PDs) fabricated by solution process, the properties of fluorene-type polymer photodetectors doped with iridium (Ir) and platinum (Pt) complexes were investigated. The devices based on poly(dioctylfluorene) and poly(dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) had violet and blue sensitivity, respectively. Triplet materials can enhance the incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency of the devices utilizing the fluorene-type polymers when their triplet levels are lower than the lowest excited singlet states of the host and higher than the lowest excited triplet states of the host. The transmission of a moving picture was successfully demonstrated using the bilayer F8BT device with green Ir complex as an opto-electrical conversion device. We demonstrate that the polymer PDs fabricated by solution process can be applied to short-range optical communication fields, such as opto-electrical conversion devices for optical links.

Nanosecond flash photolysis

1970 ◽  
Vol 315 (1521) ◽  
pp. 163-184 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Flash Photolysis ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Excited Singlet ◽  
Excited Triplet ◽  
Singlet States ◽  
Time Region ◽  
Excited Singlet States ◽  
Chemical Events ◽  
Excited Triplet States

A flash photolysis system, using a pulsed laser as source, has been designed and used to study events having a duration of a few nanoseconds; an improvement over conventional flash techniques by a factor of a thousand. The apparatus incorporates both spectrographic and photoelectric monitoring techniques which are easily interchangeable and, apart from the laser itself, it is readily constructed from standard components. Its applications to the observation of the absorption spectra of excited singlet states, short-lived excited triplet states and chemical events in the nanosecond time region are described.

Intra- and Intermolecular Electronic Relaxation of the Second Excited Singlet and the Lowest Excited Triplet States of 1,3-Dimethyl-4-thiouracil in Solution¶

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Taras-Goślińska ◽  
Grażyna Wenska ◽  
Bohdan Skalski ◽  
Andrzej Maciejewski ◽  
Gotard Burdziński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Relaxation ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Excited Singlet ◽  
Excited Triplet ◽  
Excited Triplet States

A spectroscopic study of HCP, the phosphorus analogue of hydrocyanic acid

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 893-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. C. Johns ◽  
H. F. Shurvell ◽  
J. K. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Hydrocyanic Acid ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Fundamental Vibration ◽  
Excited Triplet ◽  
Singlet States ◽  
State Formula ◽  
Excited Singlet States ◽  
Vibration Rotation

The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of HCP has been observed from 4100 Å to about 2350 Å, and seven electronic transitions have been identified. Three of these transitions involve excited singlet states and four of them involve excited triplet states. The symmetries, energies, and equilibrium conformations of these states are listed below:[Formula: see text]Some observations have also been made on the vibration–rotation energy levels of the ground electronic state, [Formula: see text], of HCP. The fundamental vibration frequencies (in cm−1) are ν1 = 3216.9, ν2 = 674.7, and ν3 = 1278.4.

Photolysis of SO2 in the Presence of Foreign Gases. VI. Acetylene and Allene

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (20) ◽  
pp. 3451-3453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menachem Luria ◽  
Julian Heicklen
Keyword(s):  
Triplet State ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Excited Singlet ◽  
Singlet States ◽  
Excited Singlet States ◽  
Allene System

The photolysis of SO2 at 3130 Å and 25 °C in the presence of C2H2 leads to CO, and, in the presence of allene to CO and C2H4 as gas phase products. In the C2H2 system, the CO comes from the two non-emitting triplet states of SO2, 57% from SO2** and 43% from SO2≠. In the allene system, the two excited singlet states of SO2, and possibly the emitting triplet state, also participate. The relative importance of the contributions from each state can be estimated to be >35% from 1SO2, <16% from 3SO2, 8% from SO2*, 12% from SO2**, and 29% from SO2≠.

Effect of cyclodextrin complexation on the photochemistry of the lignin model α-guaiacoxyacetoveratrone

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 1356-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
L T Okano ◽  
R Ovans ◽  
V Zunic ◽  
J N Moorthy ◽  
C Bohne
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Qualitative Behavior ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Solvated Electrons ◽  
Excited Triplet ◽  
Fluorescence Studies ◽  
Singlet States ◽  
Lignin Model ◽  
Excited Singlet States

The photodecomposition of α-guaiacoxyacetoveratrone (GAV) in homogeneous solvents and in aqueous cyclodextrin solutions was studied by following the fluorescence emission of the photoproducts formed. The same qualitative behavior as previously observed for the photodegradation quantum yield measurements was reproduced in the fluorescence studies in dry or wet methanol and acetonitrile. The yield for GAV photodegradation in water is smaller than in the organic solvents. Complexation of GAV to β- and γ-cyclodextrins leads to an increase in the photodecomposition yield, especially during the early part of the photodecomposition kinetics. The transients formed in the photolysis of GAV in water are similar to those observed in acetonitrile, and the lifetime of triplet GAV in water is 130 ns. In addition, solvated electrons were formed when GAV was photolyzed in water. Complexation of GAV to cyclodextrins leads to an increase in the triplet yield compared to the radical yield and a moderate shortening of the triplet lifetime.Key words: α-guaiacoxyacetoveratrone, cyclodextrin, excited singlet states, excited triplet states, radicals.

Intra- and Intermolecular Electronic Relaxation of the Second Excited Singlet and the Lowest Excited Triplet States of 1,3-Dimethyl-4-thiouracil in Solution¶

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 448-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Taras-Goślińska ◽  
Grażyna Wenska ◽  
Bohdan Skalski ◽  
Andrzej Maciejewski ◽  
Gotard Burdziński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Relaxation ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Excited Singlet ◽  
Excited Triplet ◽  
Excited Triplet States

scholarly journals Multiplicity conversion based on intramolecular triplet-to-singlet energy transfer

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. eaaw5978 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cravcenco ◽  
M. Hertzog ◽  
C. Ye ◽  
M. N. Iqbal ◽  
U. Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Triplet State ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Spin States ◽  
Materials Chemistry ◽  
Excited Singlet ◽  
Excited Triplet ◽  
Dipole Interactions ◽  
Molecular Spin ◽  
Excited Triplet States

The ability to convert between molecular spin states is of utmost importance in materials chemistry. Förster-type energy transfer is based on dipole-dipole interactions and can therefore theoretically be used to convert between molecular spin states. Here, a molecular dyad that is capable of transferring energy from an excited triplet state to an excited singlet state is presented. The rate of conversion between these states was shown to be 36 times faster than the rate of emission from the isolated triplet state. This dyad provides the first solid proof that Förster-type triplet-to-singlet energy transfer is possible, revealing a method to increase the rate of light extraction from excited triplet states.

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