Excitability of the motoneuron after repetitive electrical stimulation to the tibial nerve.

Background: Percutaneous electrical stimulation and transcutaneous electrical stimulation (PTNS and TTNS) of the posterior tibial nerve are internationally recognized treatment methods that offer advantages in terms of treating patients with overactive bladder (OAB) who present with urinary incontinence (UI). This article aims to analyze the scientific evidence for the treatment of OAB with UI in adults using PTNS versus TTNS procedures in the posterior tibial nerve. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, between February and May 2021 in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. Results: The research identified 259 studies, 130 of which were selected and analyzed, with only 19 used according to the inclusion requirements established. The greatest effectiveness, in reducing UI and in other parameters of daily voiding and quality of life, was obtained by combining both techniques with other treatments, pharmacological treatments, or exercise. Conclusions: TTNS has advantages over PTNS as it is more comfortable for the patient even though there is equality of both therapies in the outcome variables. More research studies are necessary in order to obtain clear scientific evidence.

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REPETITIVE ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF PREPYRIFORM CORTEX IN CAT

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.1960.23.4.383 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 383-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Walter J. Freeman

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Repetitive Electrical Stimulation ◽

Prepyriform Cortex ◽

Stimulation Of

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Short-Latency Crossed Inhibitory Responses in the Human Soleus Muscle

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00667.2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 102 (6) ◽

pp. 3596-3605 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Peter W. Stubbs ◽

Natalie Mrachacz-Kersting

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Nerve Stimulation ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Tibial Nerve ◽

Voluntary Contraction ◽

Short Latency ◽

Afferent Feedback ◽

Medial Plantar Nerve ◽

Muscle Activation Patterns ◽

Tibial Nerve Stimulation

Even though interlimb coordination is critical in bipedal locomotion, the role of muscle afferent mediated feedback is unknown. The aim of this study was to establish if ipsilateral muscle generated afferent feedback can influence contralateral muscle activation patterns in the human lower limb and to elucidate the mechanisms involved. The effect of ipsilateral tibial nerve stimulation on contralateral soleus (cSOL) responses were quantified. Three interventions were investigated, 1) electrical stimulation applied to the tibial nerve at stimulation intensities from 0 to 100% of maximal M-wave (M-max) with the cSOL contracted from 5 to 15% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and 15 to 30% MVC, 2) ispsilateral tibial nerve stimulation at 75% M-max prior to, during, and following the application of ischemia to the ipsilateral thigh. 3) Electrical stimulation applied to the ipsilateral sural (SuN) and medial plantar nerves at stimulation intensities from 1 to 3 times perceptual threshold. A short-latency depression in the cSOL electromyogram (EMG; onset: 37–41 ms) was observed following ipsilateral tibial nerve stimulation. The magnitude of this depression increased ( P = 0.0005 and P = 0.000001) with increasing stimulus intensities. Ischemia delayed the time of the minimum of the cSOL depression ( P = 0.04). SuN and medial plantar nerve stimulation evoked a longer latency depression [average; 91.2 ms (SuN); 142 ms (medial plantar nerve)] and therefore do not contribute to the response. This is the first study to demonstrate a short-latency depression in the cSOL following ipsilateral tibial nerve stimulation. Due to its short latency, the response is spinally mediated. The involvement of crossed spinal interneurons receiving input from low-threshold muscle afferents is discussed.

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Polarity of effects of stimulation of Auerbach's plexus on longitudinal muscle.

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1978.235.4.e345 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 235 (4) ◽

pp. E345

Author(s):

S Yokoyama ◽

T Ozaki

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Longitudinal Muscle ◽

Oral Side ◽

Metal Microelectrode ◽

Rabbit Intestine ◽

Auerbach’S Plexus ◽

Repetitive Electrical Stimulation ◽

Auerbach's Plexus ◽

Anal Side ◽

Stimulation Of

The effects of repetitive electrical stimulation of nodes in Auerbach's plexus on the longitudinal muscle of rabbit intestine were investigated. Peeled longitudinal muscle strips, with adherent Auerbach's plexus, were obtained and placed under a stereodissecting microscope. Neural elements within nodes of Auerbach's plexus were stimulated repetitively using a metal microelectrode with tip diameter of 5 micrometer. Stimuli applied to a node generally caused excitation of the longitudinal muscle on the oral side and inhibition on the anal side of the point of stimulation. Excitation of the muscle was mainly cholinergic, and inhibition of the muscle was nonadrenergic. From the results of the present study the concept of the law of the intestine, excitation above and inhibition below the stimulated spot, was supported.

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Characterization of silent afferents in the pelvic and splanchnic innervations of the mouse colorectum

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.00406.2010 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 300 (1) ◽

pp. G170-G180 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Bin Feng ◽

G. F. Gebhart

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Krebs Solution ◽

Inflammatory Soup ◽

Repetitive Electrical Stimulation ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Activity Dependent ◽

Circumferential Stretch

Hypersensitivity in inflammatory/irritable bowel syndrome is contributed to in part by changes in the receptive properties of colorectal afferent endings, likely including mechanically insensitive afferents (MIAs; silent afferents) that have the ability to acquire mechanosensitivity. The proportion and attributes of colorectal MIAs, however, have not previously been characterized. The distal ∼3 cm of colorectum with either pelvic (PN) or lumbar splanchnic (LSN) nerve attached was removed, opened longitudinally, pinned flat in a recording chamber, and perfused with oxygenated Krebs solution. Colorectal receptive endings were located by electrical stimulation and characterized as mechanosensitive or not by blunt probing, mucosal stroking, and circumferential stretch. MIA endings were tested for response to and acquisition of mechanosensitivity by localized exposure to an inflammatory soup (IS). Colorectal afferents were also tested with twin-pulse and repetitive electrical stimulation paradigms. PN MIAs represented 23% of 211 afferents studied, 71% (30/42) of which acquired mechanosensitivity after application of IS to their receptive ending. LSN MIAs represented 33% of 156 afferents studied, only 23% (11/48) of which acquired mechanosensitivity after IS exposure. Mechanosensitive PN endings uniformly exhibited significant twin-pulse slowing whereas LSN endings showed no significant twin-pulse difference. PN MIAs displayed significantly greater activity-dependent slowing than LSN MIAs. In conclusion, significant proportions of MIAs are present in the colorectal innervation; significantly more in the PN than LSN acquire mechanosensitivity in an inflammatory environment. This knowledge contributes to our understanding of the possible roles of MIAs in colon-related disorders like inflammatory/irritable bowel syndrome.

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