The Influence of Major Histocompatibility Complex and Vaccination with Turkey Herpesvirus on Marek's Disease Virus Evolution

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry D. Hunt ◽  
John R. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Virus Evolution ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex

History and current status of Marek's disease in turkeys

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Awad A. Shehata ◽  
Dörte Lüschow ◽  
Hafez M. Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Virus Evolution ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
The Past

Marek's disease (MD), caused by a highly contagious and oncogenic herpesvirus, causes immunosuppression and tumors in chickens. Although several reports on the occurring lymphomas (MD-like conditions) in turkeys have been published, less attention has been paid to the disease in this species. Recently, Marek's disease virus (MDV) has been demonstrated in lymphomatous tumors in commercial turkeys in several countries. The present review aimed to describe the past and recent situation of MD in turkeys, including clinical picture and methods used for diagnosis. Additionally, three hypotheses that might explain the emergence of MDV in turkeys, including virus evolution and evolution of MDV variants, modern hybrid turkeys, and raising of turkeys close to chickens, were discussed. The pathogenesis of MDV infection in turkeys remains unclear, and further investigations are necessary. Although herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) vaccine didn't protect turkeys against challenge with a virulent MDV, Rispens strain is effective, highlighting the need for further assessment of the effectiveness of MDV vaccines in turkeys.

Isolation and identification of Marek’s disease virus (MDV) from feather follicle epithelium and internal organs of diseased chickens in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Aly El-Kenawy ◽  
Mohamed El-Tholoth ◽  
Emad A
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Feather Follicle ◽  
Positive Results

In the present study, a total of 16 samples including feather follicle epithelium, ovary, spleen and kidney (4 samples for each organ) were collected from diseased chicken flocks suspected to be infected with Marek’s disease virus (MDV) at Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt during the period from October 2016 to October 2017. Each sample was pooled randomly from three to five birds (90 to 360 days old). The isolation of the suspected virus from the collected samples was carried out via chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of 12 days old embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs). Three egg passages were carried out for each sample. Hyperimmune serum was prepared against standard MDV. MDV in both field and egg passaged samples (after 3rd passage) was identified by agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) and indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Molecular identification of virus was carried out by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real- time PCR in four selected samples. The results revealed that 14 samples (87.5%) including 4 (100%) samples from feather follicle epithelium, ovary and kidney and 2 (50%) samples from spleen, showed positive results in virus isolation after 3rd passage. The positive results percentage by AGPT for field samples were 50% (8 out of 16 samples), while after the 3rd passage in ECEs were 37.5% (6 out of 16 samples) and the positive results percentage by IFAT for field samples were 62.5% (10 out of 16 samples), while after the 3rd passage in ECEs were 81.25 % (13 out of 16 samples). Viral nucleic acid was detected in all selected samples by conventional and real- time PCR. The results indicate that feather follicle epithelium is the best organ for MDV detection. IFAT is superior over AGPT in virus detection. Conventional and real - time PCR could be efficiently used for molecular detection of the virus.

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