SELECTION FOR COLD RESISTANCE IN LEPTOSPERMUM SCOPARIUM (J.R. ET G. FORST.)

1992 ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Decourtye ◽  
W. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Leptospermum Scoparium

Genetic selection for cold resistance in Scottish Blackface lambs

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Slee ◽  
A. W. Stott
Keyword(s):  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Realized Heritability ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Rate Of Recovery ◽  
Ram Lambs ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Time Required

ABSTRACTHypothermia with starvation is a major cause of neonatal mortality among lambs born outdoors. The results of selection for resistance to hypothermia (cold resistance) in newborn Scottish Blackface lambs are described. Cold resistance was defined as the time required to induce a decline in body temperature of about 4·5°C by means of tests involving part-immersion in a cooled water bath. From about 200 tested lambs (half males) four ram lambs with the lowest cold resistance and four with the highest resistance were selected and each mated randomly at 7 months of age to about 30 ewes to establish upward and downward selection lines. The progeny were subsequently tested for cold resistance and the selection process was repeated for four male generations. Tested females were allocated at 18 months of age to high or low lines according to their performance as lambs.Preliminary half-sib analysis and sire-offspring regression gave estimates of 0·3 for the heritability of cold resistance. Response to selection was rapid but asymmetrical with a realized heritability for cold resistance of 0·27 (s.e. 0·13) for upward selection, 0·01 (s.e. 0·16) for downward selection and 0·17 (s.e. 0·09) for the line divergence.Body weight at test was phenotypically, but not genetically, correlated with cold resistance. Rate of recovery from induced hypothermia was not significantly correlated with cold resistance. The results are discussed in relation to lamb mortality in the field.

Lamb survival in Australian flocks: a review

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 656 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Hinch ◽  
F. Brien
Keyword(s):  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Lamb Survival

Lamb survival is known to be a key component of reproductive efficiency in sheep flocks. It has been the subject of a large number of studies over the decades and this review provides an update and insights into the latest understanding of the extent and variability of lamb losses across Australia. The pattern of causes of lamb losses, including dystocia, starvation/exposure, mismothering and predation, are examined. Likewise the importance of birthweight in contributing to such losses is discussed as are strategies for improving lamb survival. The strategies examined include improved ewe nutrition, shelter provision and selection for cold resistance and improved maternal behaviour.

Selection for cold resistance alters gene transcript levels in Drosophila melanogaster

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Telonis-Scott ◽  
R. Hallas ◽  
S.W. McKechnie ◽  
C.W. Wee ◽  
A.A. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Gene Transcript ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Selection For

Framework for Selecting Vocabulary for Preliterate Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1000-1009
Author(s):  
Allison Bean ◽  
Lindsey Paden Cargill ◽  
Samantha Lyle
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
School Based ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Nonverbal Children ◽  
Grammatical Structures ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Purpose Nearly 50% of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) provide services to school-age children who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). However, many SLPs report having insufficient knowledge in the area of AAC implementation. The objective of this tutorial is to provide clinicians with a framework for supporting 1 area of AAC implementation: vocabulary selection for preliterate children who use AAC. Method This tutorial focuses on 4 variables that clinicians should consider when selecting vocabulary: (a) contexts/environments where the vocabulary can be used, (b) time span during which the vocabulary will be relevant, (c) whether the vocabulary can elicit and maintain interactions with other people, and (d) whether the vocabulary will facilitate developmentally appropriate grammatical structures. This tutorial focuses on the role that these variables play in language development in verbal children with typical development, verbal children with language impairment, and nonverbal children who use AAC. Results Use of the 4 variables highlighted above may help practicing SLPs select vocabulary that will best facilitate language acquisition in preliterate children who use AAC.

Teaching Partners to Support Communication for Adults with Acquired Communication Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Ball ◽  
Joanne Lasker
Keyword(s):  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Communication Impairment ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Communication Partners ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
End Of Life Communication ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract For adults with acquired communication impairment, particularly those who have communication disorders associated with stroke or neurodegenerative disease, communication partners play an important role in establishing and maintaining communicative competence. In this paper, we assemble some evidence on this topic and integrate it with current preferred practice patterns (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2004). Our goals are to help speech-language pathologists (SLPs) identify and describe partner-based communication strategies for adults with acquired impairment, implement evidence-based approaches for teaching strategies to communication partners, and employ a Personnel Framework (Binger et al., 2012) to clarify partners? roles in acquiring and supporting communication tools for individuals with acquired impairments. We offer specific guidance about AAC techniques and message selection for communication partners involved with chronic, degenerative, and end of life communication. We discuss research and provide examples of communication partner supports for person(s) with aphasia and person(s) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who have complex communication needs.

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