scholarly journals GENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES IN MORPHOGENIC POTENTIAL OF CULTURED LEAF EXPLANTS OF LYCOPERSICON HIRSUTUM

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1064G-1064
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Lycopersicon Hirsutum ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Wild Tomato

Cultured leaf explants obtained from 36 accessions of the wild tomato Lycopersicon hirsutum were evaluated for morphogenic capacity in response to 3 cytokinins [zeatin, benzylamino purine (BA) and kinetin] in combination with indoleacetic acid (IAA). Morphogenic responses within this wild species were accession-dependent, Cotyledon tissue, in comparison to true leaf explants, were superior for callus and shoot formation. Optimal callus induction medium varied with accession, but most often contained 13.3 μM BA plus 1.7 μM IAA. Media containing 4.6 or 9.2 μM zeatin plus 0.1 μM iaa were optimal shoot induction media. Explants of L. hirsutum f. typicum accessions 126445, 127826, 128644, and 390663 and L. hirsutum f. glabratum accessions 365904, 365905, and 365906 exhibited the highest levels of shoot formation.

scholarly journals GENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES IN MORPHOGENIC POTENTIAL OF CULTURED LEAF EXPLANTS OF LYCOPERSICON HIRSUTUM

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1064g-1064
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Lycopersicon Hirsutum ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Wild Tomato

Cultured leaf explants obtained from 36 accessions of the wild tomato Lycopersicon hirsutum were evaluated for morphogenic capacity in response to 3 cytokinins [zeatin, benzylamino purine (BA) and kinetin] in combination with indoleacetic acid (IAA). Morphogenic responses within this wild species were accession-dependent, Cotyledon tissue, in comparison to true leaf explants, were superior for callus and shoot formation. Optimal callus induction medium varied with accession, but most often contained 13.3 μM BA plus 1.7 μM IAA. Media containing 4.6 or 9.2 μM zeatin plus 0.1 μM iaa were optimal shoot induction media. Explants of L. hirsutum f. typicum accessions 126445, 127826, 128644, and 390663 and L. hirsutum f. glabratum accessions 365904, 365905, and 365906 exhibited the highest levels of shoot formation.

scholarly journals Genotypic Differences in Shoot-forming Capacity of Cultured Leaf Explants of Lycopersicon hirsutum

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1317-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel ◽  
Stephen L. Sinden
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Lycopersicon Hirsutum ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Wild Tomato Species ◽  
Cotyledon Explants ◽  
Tomato Species ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Cultured leaf explants obtained from 36 accessions of the wild tomato species, Lycopersicon hirsutum Humb. and Bonpl., were evaluated for morphogenic capacity in response to three cytokinins (zeatin, BA, and kinetin) in combination with IAA. Media containing 0.1 μm IAA plus 4.6 or 9.2 μm zeatin were optimal for shoot induction. Cotyledon explants were superior to true leaf explants for obtaining shoot formation. Morphogenic responses of L. hirsutum f. typicum and L. hirsutum f. glabratum were clearly accession-dependent and ranged from exceptional with numerous shoots produced to recalcitrant with no shoots produced. The high morphogenetic capacity of leaf explants from L. hirsutum f. typicum accession 128644 was also evident in protoplast-derived calli that readily regenerated shoots. Chemical names used (E)-2-methyl-4-(1H-purin-6-ylamino)-2-buten-1-ol (zeatin), N-(phenylmethyl) -1H-purin-6-amine (BA), N- (2-furanylmethyl) -1H- purin-6-amine (kinetin), 1H- indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).

scholarly journals IN VITRO REGENERATION AND MASS PROPAGATION OF AZIMA TETRACANTHA [LAM.] FROM THE LEAF EXPLANTS THROUGH CALLUS CULTURE

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Mallika Devi T
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Apical Leaf ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Azima Tetracantha

In the present study the protocol for callus induction and regeneration in Azima tetracantha has been developed in culture medium. The young apical leaf explants were used for callus induction on MS medium containing BAP and NAA at 1.0 and 0.4mgl-1 respectively showed maximum callus induction (73%). The amount of callus responded for shoot formation (74%) was obtained in the MS medium containing BAP (1.5 mgl-1) and NAA (0.3mgl-1).The elongated shoots were rooted on half strength medium supplemented with IBA (1.5 mgl-1) and Kn (0.4 mgl-1) for shoots rooted. Regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized and hardened off inside the culture and then transferred to green house with better survival rate.

scholarly journals Establishment of a Rapid and Efficient Micropropagation System for Succulent Plant Haworthia turgida Haw.

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 1278-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boling Liu ◽  
Hongzhou Fang ◽  
Chaorong Meng ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Qingdong Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Succulent Plant

In the present study, the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on callus regeneration, adventitious shoot differentiation, and root formation of Haworthia turgida Haw. was investigated. The greatest callus induction percentage (95.6%) was achieved with leaf explants inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 1.0 mg·L−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.1 mg·L−1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and this callus induction medium supplemented with 2.5 mg·L−1 thidiazuron (TDZ) was optimal for callus proliferation. The maximum number of shoots (25.7) was obtained when the callus was cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L−1 BA and 0.2 mg·L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The highest number of roots per shoot (6.2) and highest rooting frequency (82.0%) were obtained when adventitious shoots were inoculated on MS medium with 0.05 mg·L−1 NAA. Regenerated plantlets were transferred to a mixture of vermiculite and soil and acclimated in a greenhouse. The survival rate of the transplanted plantlets was about 91.6%. The rate of ex vitro rooting was 83.3%, indicating that this technique is effective for root induction in H. turgida. This study has established a rapid and efficient micropropagation system that can be beneficial for commercial cultivation and germplasm conservation of H. turgida.

scholarly journals Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation of Three Elite Hybrid Aspens

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 535B-535
Author(s):  
M.J. Bosela ◽  
J.P. Schnurr ◽  
Z.-M. Cheng ◽  
W.A. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Kanamycin Resistance ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Transformation Protocol ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Transformation Experiment ◽  
Shoot Induction Medium ◽  
Hybrid Clones

Three elite hybrid aspen, Populus grandidentata × P. canescens, P. tremuloides × P. tremula, and P. tremuloides × P. davidiana, have been transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains LBA4404 and EHA105 carrying kanamycin resistance and GUS genes. The leaves of micropropagated shoots were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium for 65 to 72 hr and then transferred to callus-induction medium with 80–120 mg/L kanamycin in the dark. After 2 weeks, the leaves were transferred to shoot-induction medium under 18-hr photoperiod. Regenerated shoots were verified for transformation by histochemical staining and PCR. Transformed shoots rooted and were transplanted to soil. The three hybrid clones differed widely in their medium requirements for regeneration and in their competence for transformation. The leaves of P. grandidentata × P. canescens callused vigorously on a wide variety of media. In a typical transformation experiment, 30% to 60% of infected leaves produced putatively transformed calli (up to 10 calli per leaf). The origin of these calli and the frequency of shoot formation depended on the Agrobacterium strains. The calli from EHA105-infected leaves produced shoots within six weeks of co-cultivation and at high frequencies (70% to 90%). However, the calli from LBA4404-infected leaves produced shoots more slowly and at much lower frequencies (5% to 10%). Delaying selection for 2 weeks was found to lower the transformation frequency. Putatively transformed calli were obtained from P. tremuloides × P. tremula, and P. tremuloides × P. davidiana hybrids at frequencies of only 2% to 3%. The calli regenerated from P. tremuloides × P. davidiana leaves were very small, but they continued to grow upon being transferred to shoot-induction media and have started to produce shoots. The calli from leaves of P. tremuloides × P. tremula were much larger and they produced shoots more quickly. This transformation protocol is currently being used to introduce rooting genes into these hybrids to improve their rooting from hardwood cuttings.

scholarly journals 117 An In Vitro Regeneration System for Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 461E-461
Author(s):  
Winthrop B. Phippen ◽  
James E. Simon
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Transformation Protocol ◽  
Regeneration Procedure

A plant regeneration protocol was successfully developed for basil (O. basilicum L.). Explants from 1-month-old seedlings yielded the highest frequency of regeneration of shoots (37%) with an average number of 3.6 shoots per explant. Calli and shoot induction were initiated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ) (4 mg/L) for ≈30 days. Shoot induction and development was achieved by refreshing the induction medium once after 14 days. The most morphogenetically responsive explants were basal leaf explants from the first fully expanded true leafs of greenhouse-grown basil seedlings. Developing shoots were then rooted on MS media in the dark without TDZ. Within 20 days, rooted plantlets were transferred and acclimatized under greenhouse conditions where they developed normal morphological characteristics. This is the first report of a successful in vitro regeneration system for basil through primary callus. The establishment of a reliable regeneration procedure is critical when developing a transformation protocol for enhancing the production of basil for insect and disease resistance and improved essential oil constituents.

scholarly journals Factors affecting hemp (Canabis sativa L.) callus genesis in somatic tissue culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernestas Maumevičius ◽  
Natalija Burbulis ◽  
Aušra Blinstrubienė ◽  
Irina Laiko ◽  
Ramunė Masienė
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Hypocotyl Explants ◽  
Mean Frequency ◽  
Cotyledon Explants ◽  
The Mean

Research was carried out at the Institute of Biology and Plant Biotechnology of Aleksandras Stulginskis University and at the Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology of the Joint Research Centre. The effect of growth regulators on the callus induction from hypocotyl, cotyledon and leaf explants was evaluated. The isolated explants were cultivated in the MS medium without growth regulators and supplemented with different zeatine (ZT) and α-naftilacetic acid (NAA) or indoleacetic acid (IAA) combinations and thidiazuron (TDZ) and ɑ-naftilacetic acid (NAA) or indoleacetic acid (IAA) combinations. The highest callus formation frequency from hypocotyl explants was obtained in the medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l–1 ZT + 1.0 mg l–1 IAA (‘KAN-30’ and ‘KAN-38’) and – 1.0 mg l–1 ZT + 0.5 mg l–1 NAR (‘KAN-34’). The combination of 2.0 mg l–1 ZT with 1.0 mg l–1 NAA was most appropriate for the callus induction from cotyledon explants. The optimal combination of growth regulators for callus induction from leaf explants should be selected for a specific genotype. The mean rate of callus formation frequency from leaf explants was 4.8–5.6 times higher in comparison with the mean frequency form hypocotyl explants and 2.7–3.1 times higher as compared to the mean frequency from cotyledon explants.

Effect of genotype and medium composition on linseed (Linum usitatissimum) ovary culture

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalija Burbulis ◽  
Aušra Blinstrubienė ◽  
Ramunė Kuprienė
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Ovary Culture ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation

AbstractBreeding linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) using haploid techniques allows breeders to develop new cultivars in a shorter time period. Many research groups successfully created new linseed genotypes through anther culture; however ovary culture has been the subject of only a few earlier studies. In the present study, the effect of genotype and growth regulators combination on callus induction and shoots regeneration in ovary culture of nine commercially important linseed cultivars was investigated. Ovaries were cultured on modified MS medium supplemented with three different combinations of plant growth regulators. Variable callogenic responses were expressed by all of the genotypes tested on different induction media. The results suggested that specific combination of growth regulators for callus induction must be designed for each genotype. Shoot regeneration from ovary derived callus is a critical phase of the whole gynogenetic process. Differences in adventitious shoot formation frequency among genotypes were demonstrated and four responsive genotypes have been selected. Ovary derived callus from cultivar ‘Mikael’ manifested the highest adventitious shoot formation frequency with a high number of shoots per explant. The optimum ratio of growth regulators for shoot regeneration was shown to depend on the genotype. Cultivars ‘Linola’, ‘Mikael’ and ‘Szaphir’ showed the highest shoot regeneration frequency when callus had originated on induction medium supplemented with 2 mg L−1 BAP and 2 mg L−1 NAA, while combination of 1 mg L−1 BAP and 2 mg L−1 IAA promoted shoot formation in ovary-derived callus of ‘Barbara’. The highest rate of shoots per explant has been obtained in second subculture.

Production of Glycyrrhizin in Callus Cultures of Licorice

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winida Wongwicha ◽  
Hiroyuki Tanaka ◽  
Yukihiro Shoyama ◽  
Indree Tuvshintogtokh ◽  
Waraporn Putalun
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Induction

Licorice plants, Glycyrrhiza glabra, G. uralensis, and G. inflata, were investigated for callus induction using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium combined with auxins and cytokinins. After 4 weeks of culture, 33-100% of leaf or stem explants formed calli. Maximum of shoot induction from callus cultures was achieved by G. inflata stem explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.5 mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA) (67%) which also gave maximum shoot formation per explant (two shoots per explant). These results indicated that all three Glycyrrhiza species regenerated shoots from callus cultures on MS medium combined with NAA and BA or only thidiazuron (TDZ; 0.1 and 0.5 mg/l). Glycyrrhizin contents of G. uralensis calli induced using MS medium in combination with NAA and BA [(27.60 ± 8.47) μg/g DW] or TDZ alone [(36.52 ± 2.45) μg/ g DW] were higher than those found in other combinations.

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of Codonopsis javania (Blume) Hook. f. et Thomson through the callus induction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vi Thi Tuong Nguyen ◽  
Trinh Le Diem Ho ◽  
Kim Thi A Phan
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Shoot Induction Medium

Codonopsis javania (Blume) Hook.f. et Thomson a traditional medicine plant and now an endangered species in Vietnam is grown for roots. The research was carried out to establish the plant propagation for the purpose of concerving and exploting this endangered medicinal herbs. In vitro shoot tip explants (1 – 1.5 cm) were induced to form callus on MS medium containing NAA (0.5 – 2 mg /L) with TDZ 0.1 mg/L. After four weeks of culture, in the MS medium combine with NAA 1 mg/L and TDZ 0.1 mg/L the explant induced compact callus (green, solid) wsa achieved 85.33%. The callus induction to form shoots on medium MS containing BA (0.5 – 2.0 mg/L) with NAA 0.2 mg/L. After 4 weeks of culture, shoot formation was higher in the MS medium containing BA 1.0 mg /L and NAA 0.2 mg/L and achieved of 82.67 % with 9.92 shoots/explant. The best shoot proliferation (2 – 3 cm) was excised and transferred to a medium shoot multiplication with the same composition as the shoot induction medium in which NAA 0.2 mg/L was replaced by NAA 0.5 mg/L. When compared the shoot multiplication between the two mediums at the same BA concentration (2 mg/L), all shoots increased and reached 5.87 times after 60 days cultured. On rooting MS medium with IBA 1 mg/L, 88.67 % in vitro rooting was observed with the average root yield of 4.33 roots/shoot and the length of 8.27 cm. Root length and their yield quality were highly improved when using of coconut fiber (30 %) and earthworms compost (70 %) (v/v) in the transfer medium after acclimatisation stages.

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