Evaluation of methanolic crude extract of Linum usitatissimum for the removal of biofilm in diabetic foot isolates

Linum usitatissimum L is a widely used traditionally for multiple ailments. The present research was carried out to explore the antimicrobial, and anti-biofilm activity of crude extract of Linum usitatissimum L (Lu. Cr). Phytochemical and proximate analyses were performed. The bandages of diabetic foot patients were collected from the various hospitals. The bandages were cultured to isolate the bacterial strains present on it. The disc diffusion method was used to identify the antimicrobial potential whereas the minimum inhibitory concentration of the Lu.Cr were also determined. Proximate analysis confirms moisture content 8.33%, ash content 4.33%, crude protein 21.20%, crude fat 49.2% and crude fiber 5.63%. It was revealed that Gram-positive bacteria are most prevalent among all study groups. Lu.Cr possess significant bactericidal potential against S. aureus among all other microbes. Owing to this potential, linseed coated bandages can be used alternatively for the treatment of diabetic foot.

Pharmacological and nutritional benefits of flaxseed’s (Linum usitatissimum Linn.) biocomponents

Linum usitatissimum (Linn.), Commonly known as flaxseed or flaxseed, belongs to the family Linaceae. Flaxseed is a crop of blue flowers that produce small, flat seeds of golden yellow to reddish-brown color. It is a native of the Mediterranean and West Asia. Due to its health benefits associated with the high content of linolenic acid (ALA), flaxseed has played a major role in diet and research. The ALA is an essential omega-3-fatty acid, and also due to its presence a major lignan, i.e. secoisolaricyrcinol diglucoside (SDG). There is also a wide range of uses of flaxseed oil in skin health, anticoagulants, anticancer, ulcer treatment, muscle growth, and weight loss. The nutritional composition of flaxseed is about 30% carbohydrate, 18% protein, and 39% fat. Flaxseed contains most carbohydrates in the form of fiber and contains more than 45% omega-3 fatty acids. It also contains dietary fibers, proteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids. All the ingredients possess different health benefits. Although plant resources are the key ingredient in drug discovery, the popularity of flaxseed always fascinate scientists, the number of articles giving information about the chemical components of flaxseed and its potential clinical use is very little. This review provides a systematic summary of the research completed over the past decade and provides an up-to-date summary of the various bioactive and outlines the relationship between the nutritional and pharmacological use of chemical ingredients and its flaxseed.

IMPACT OF ORGANIC AND BIOFERTILIZER APPLICATION ON YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING CHARACTERS IN LINSEED (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) belongs to family Linaceae, is the second most important rabi oilseed crop and stands next to rapeseed – mustard in area of cultivation and seed production in India. Flaxseed is grown as either oil crop or a fibre crop with fibre linen derived from the stem of fibre varieties and oil from the seed of linseed varieties. Several studies have been conducted on effect of fertilizers on growth and yield of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) varieties which revealed their enhancing role on the quality and quantity of flax cultivars. In this regards, a present study was planned and conducted during the Rabi season of 2020-2021 in the Agricultural field of School of Agricultural Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India to investigate the effect of organic and biofertilizer and integrated treatment on the growth and yield of Linseed. The findings were reported on important growth and yield attributed parameters such as plant height, total fresh weight, total yield, 1000- seed weight (g), and number of seed / capsules. The maximum growth and yield was reported in T6 treatment where biofertilizer have been applied in consortium form followed by vermicompost. Thus, the findings revealed that all the microbial strains in consortia used as bio fertilizers showed enhanced tern of vegetative growth of plants, total herbage yield and total seed yield at various stages. This may be due to sustained release of nutrients to supply the required elements in microbial strains. The biofertilizers exhibited beneficial effects on plant growth and development either through producing growth hormones like IAA, kinetin and gibberellins, synthesizing atmospheric nitrogen and its increased availability to greater protein synthesis as well as increasing Phosphorus availability to plant communities. Thus, it was concluded that the enhanced expression of yield and its related attributes will have beneficial impact in production of nutraceutical products of commercial importance.

Insecticidal and growth regulatory effect of Jatropha curcas and Linum usitatissimum extracts along with new chemistry pesticide spinetoram against Sargodha strain of Rhyzopertha Dominica

Store grain insect pests such as Lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica) is a key feeder and cause substantial weight loss of wheat during storage. Present study was planned to evaluate insecticidal, repellent and growth regulator potential of botanical extracts of two plants Jatropha curcas and Linum usitatissimum along with Spinetoram against Rhyzopertha Dominica. This study was conducted at the Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (UAF) Grain Research, Training, and Storage Management Cell. Each treatment with three replication of 5%, 10%, and 15% concentrations of plant extracts and 100ppm, 200ppm, and 300ppm concentrations of insecticide were used against the adults of R. dominica by using Complete Randomized Design. Insect mortality was taken after 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment. Data of growth regulation data was observed after 30 and 60 days. Data was analyzed by statistic 8.1 software for analysis of variance at 5% level of significance and treatment means was compared with the help of Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (THSD) test. After 72 hours, Spinetoram showed maximum percent mortality (84%) followed by J. curcas (19.17%) and L. usitatissimum (12.28%) at their higher concentrations rate. Among treatments, after 60 days of exposure, Spinetoram was proved to be more effective against the R. dominica with maximum growth inhibition (70%) as compared to J. curcas (44%) and Linseed (28%). Overall the results indicated that these plant extracts and Spinetoram can be used as efficient alternatives of synthetic chemicals for management of stored grains insect pests.

Evaluación de una crema hidratante de olluco (Ullucus tuberosus) y linaza (Linum usitatissimum)

El uso de sustancias sintéticas en la industria cosmética permite alargar la vida útil de los productos, pero su uso causa preocupación, debido a que pueden generan problemas en la piel. Se tuvo por objetivo determinar la estabilidad e irritabilidad de una crema con mucílago de olluco (Ullucus tuberosus) y linaza (Linum usitatissimum). Se elaboraron 3 formulaciones con distintas concentraciones con 3 repeticiones. Para medir la estabilidad se tuvo en cuenta los valores del pH y las características sensoriales (color, aspecto, olor y suavidad); también, se determinó la irritabilidad en 20 personas de entre 19 a 30 años con problemas dérmicos (manchas oscuras y acné moderado). El pH de la crema fue 6 a 6.5 hasta los 42 días; en cuanto a las características sensoriales, se mantuvieron por de 45 días; por otro lado, la irritabilidad fue nula, demostrando efectos benéficos sobre la piel a partir del día 12 de haberse hecho aplicaciones. La crema con características deseables presenta 8% extracto olluco y 10% extracto de linaza con una emulsión oleosa del 20% más la fase acuosa del 57% y 5% de emulsificante incluido los aditivos fortificantes; con una estabilidad de 45 días y sin producir irritabilidad en la piel. La crema muestra reducción de machas oscuras y eliminación del acné a partir del 8º y 12º día de su aplicación respectivamente.

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Five Medicinal Plants Against Different Microbes

The present study aims to assess the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of selected medicinal plants (Achyranthes bidentata, Linum usitatissimum, Pedalium murex, Sphaeranthus indicus and, Terminalia bellirica) extracts against seven different microorganisms Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis, and Streptococcus mutants. Leaf, root, and flower extracts of plants were prepared in different solvents like methanol, distilled water, dichloromethane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether, propanol, benzene, and hexane. All the prepared extracts showed very good antimicrobial activity except distilled water extract. Most of the extracts were found to have antimicrobial potential against pathogens but Linum usitatissimum and T. bellirica leaf and seed extract prepared in methanol and chloroform solvents show a higher zone of inhibition against E. coli. Only Linum usitatissimum shows activity aganist Candida albicans. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration for Achyranthes bidentata extracts varied from 150µl/ml to 200µl/ml in different solvents. Antioxidant studies were carried out in methanolic extracts of all the plants. The maximum scavenging activity of methanolic leaf extracts was observed between 80 -100 μg/ml concentrations.

Fabrication and Characterization of Nanocomposite Hydrogel Based on Alginate/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Loaded with Linum usitatissimum Extract as a Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold

In the current paper, we fabricated, characterized, and applied nanocomposite hydrogel based on alginate (Alg) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) loaded with phenolic purified extracts from the aerial part of Linum usitatissimum (LOH) as the bone tissue engineering scaffold. nHA was synthesized based on the wet chemical technique/precipitation reaction and incorporated into Alg hydrogel as the filler via physical cross-linking. The characterizations (SEM, DLS, and Zeta potential) revealed that the synthesized nHA possess a plate-like shape with nanometric dimensions. The fabricated nanocomposite has a porous architecture with interconnected pores. The average pore size was in the range of 100–200 µm and the porosity range of 80–90%. The LOH release measurement showed that about 90% of the loaded drug was released within 12 h followed by a sustained release over 48 h. The in vitro assessments showed that the nanocomposite possesses significant antioxidant activity promoting bone regeneration. The hemolysis induction measurement showed that the nanocomposites were hemocompatible with negligible hemolysis induction. The cell viability/proliferation confirmed the biocompatibility of the nanocomposites, which induced proliferative effects in a dose-dependent manner. This study revealed the fabricated nanocomposites are bioactive and osteoactive applicable for bone tissue engineering applications.