Accurate and Stable Chronic Voltammetric Measurements in the Brain Enabled by a Replaceable Subcutaneous Reference Electrode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Marie Robbins ◽  
Elisa Castagnola ◽  
Xinyan T. Cui
Keyword(s):  
Reference Electrode ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Voltammetric Measurements

D-C potential changes in rabbit brain during slow-wave and paradoxical sleep

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (6) ◽  
pp. 1379-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kawamura ◽  
C. H. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Paradoxical Sleep ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Rabbit Brain ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

A study has been made of d-c potential changes in the brain during various states of sleep and wakefulness in the unrestrained unanesthetized rabbit with chronically implanted electroencephalogram and d-c electrodes. In preliminary acute experiments with an occipital bone reference electrode, the direction of the d-c potential change induced by stimulation of the midbrain reticular formation was the same in cortical and subcortical sites. With frontal and occipital bones as reference points the cortical d-c potential changes were similar to one another, but arousal stimuli readily elicited positive d-c shifts with the frontal reference electrode. In the chronic rabbit with an occipital reference electrode, cortical and hypothalamic d-c potentials shifted strongly to the positive side during slow-wave sleep and after injection of pentobarbital; from these conditions stimulation of the reticular formation induced a marked negative shift. During paradoxical sleep both cortical and subcortical d-c electrodes showed negative shifts similar to those seen during an arousal reaction. Grooming and eating elicited strong positive shifts in both cortical and hypothalamic d-c electrodes.

Pressure insensitive solid state reference electrode for in-situ voltammetric measurements in lake water

1992 ◽  
Vol 269 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jermann ◽  
M.-L. Tercier ◽  
J. Buffle
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
State Reference ◽  
Voltammetric Measurements

Author response for "Distribution and localization of phosphatidylinositol 5‐phosphate, 4‐kinase alpha and beta in the brain"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan K. Noch ◽  
Isaiah Yim ◽  
Teresa A. Milner ◽  
Lewis C. Cantley
Keyword(s):  
Author Response ◽  
The Brain

Author response for "Distribution of the cholinergic nuclei in the brain of the weakly electric fish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus : implications for sensory processing"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Toscano‐Márquez ◽  
Livio Oboti ◽  
Erik Harvey‐Girard ◽  
Leonard Maler ◽  
Rüdiger Krahe
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Electric Fish ◽  
Weakly Electric Fish ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Apteronotus Leptorhynchus ◽  
Weakly Electric ◽  
The Brain

Author response for "Distribution of the cholinergic nuclei in the brain of the weakly electric fish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus : implications for sensory processing"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Toscano‐Márquez ◽  
Livio Oboti ◽  
Erik Harvey‐Girard ◽  
Leonard Maler ◽  
Rüdiger Krahe
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Electric Fish ◽  
Weakly Electric Fish ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Apteronotus Leptorhynchus ◽  
Weakly Electric ◽  
The Brain

Author response for "Neuroarchitecture of the central complex in the brain of the honeybee: neuronal cell types"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronja Hensgen ◽  
Laura England ◽  
Uwe Homberg ◽  
Keram Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Central Complex ◽  
Author Response ◽  
The Brain
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