scholarly journals Sleep-disordered breathing and comorbidities: role of the upper airway and craniofacial skeleton

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 12 ◽  
pp. 907-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Brennan ◽  
Fenella J Kirkham ◽  
Johanna C Gavlak
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Craniofacial Skeleton ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Role of the Allergist-Immunologist and Upper Airway Allergy in Sleep-Disordered Breathing

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Shusterman ◽  
Fuad M. Baroody ◽  
Timothy Craig ◽  
Samuel Friedlander ◽  
Talal Nsouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Upper airway imaging in sleep-disordered breathing: role of cone-beam computed tomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noura A. Alsufyani ◽  
Michelle L. Noga ◽  
Manisha Witmans ◽  
Paul W. Major
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Disordered Breathing

569 Correlation between age and initial findings of sleep disordered breathing in children with achondroplasia

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A224-A225
Author(s):  
Fayruz Araji ◽  
Cephas Mujuruki ◽  
Brian Ku ◽  
Elisa Basora-Rovira ◽  
Anna Wani
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Children’S Sleep ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Abstract Introduction Achondroplasia (ACH) occurs approximately 1 in 20,000–30,000 live births. They are prone to sleep disordered breathing specifically due to the upper airway stenosis, enlarged head circumference, combined with hypotonia and limited chest wall size associated with scoliosis at times. The co-occurrence of sleep apnea is well established and can aide in the decision for surgical intervention, however it is unclear at what age children should be evaluated for sleep apnea. Screening is often delayed as during the daytime there is no obvious gas exchange abnormalities. Due to the rareness of this disease, large studies are not available, limiting the data for discussion and analysis to develop guidelines on ideal screening age for sleep disordered breathing in children with ACH. Methods The primary aim of this study is to ascertain the presence of sleep disorder breathing and demographics of children with ACH at time of first polysomnogram (PSG) completed at one of the largest pediatric sleep lab in the country. The secondary aim of the study is to identify whether subsequent polysomnograms were completed if surgical interventions occurred and how the studies differed over time with and without intervention. Retrospective review of the PSGs from patients with ACH, completed from 2017–2019 at the Children’s Sleep Disorders Center in Dallas, TX. Clinical data, demographics, PSG findings and occurrence of interventions were collected. Results Twenty-seven patients with the diagnosis of ACH met criteria. The average age at the time of their first diagnostic PSG was at 31.6 months of age (2.7 years), of those patients 85% had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA),51% had hypoxemia and 18% had hypercapnia by their first diagnostic sleep study. Of those with OSA, 50% were severe. Majority were females, 55%. Most of our patients were Hispanic (14%), Caucasian (9%), Asian (2%), Other (2%), Black (0%). Each patient had an average of 1.9 PSGs completed. Conclusion Our findings can help create a foundation for discussion of screening guidelines. These guidelines will serve to guide primary care physicians to direct these patients to an early diagnosis and treatment of sleep disordered breathing. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Upper Airway Collapsibility During Wakefulness in Children with Sleep Disordered Breathing, as Determined by the Negative Expiratory Pressure Technique

SLEEP ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Larramona Carrera ◽  
Joseph M. McDonough ◽  
Paul R. Gallagher ◽  
Swaroop Pinto ◽  
John Samuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Airway Collapsibility ◽  
Upper Airway Collapsibility ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Recognition of Sleep-disordered Breathing in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Guilleminault ◽  
Rafael Pelayo ◽  
Damien Leger ◽  
Alex Clerk ◽  
Robert C. Z. Bocian
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Esophageal Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Events ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Abnormal Breathing ◽  
Polygraphic Recording ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Objective. To determine whether upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) can be recognized and distinguished from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in prepubertal children based on clinical evaluations, and, in a subgroup of the population, to compare the efficacy of esophageal pressure (Pes) monitoring to that of transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure (tcPco2) and expired carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements in identifying UARS in children. Study Design. A retrospective study was performed on children, 12 years and younger, seen at our clinic since 1985. Children with diagnoses of sleep-disordered breathing were drawn from our database and sorted by age and initial symptoms. Clinical findings, based on interviews and questionnaires, an orocraniofacial scale, and nocturnal polygraphic recordings were tabulated and compared. If the results of the first polygraphic recording were inconclusive, a second night's recording was performed with the addition of Pes monitoring. In addition, simultaneous measurements of tcPco2 and endtidal CO2 with sampling through a catheter were performed on this second night in 76 children. These 76 recordings were used as our gold standard, because they were the most comprehensive. For this group, 1848 apneic events and 7040 abnormal respiratory events were identified based on airflow, thoracoabdominal effort, and Pes recordings. We then analyzed the simultaneously measured tcPCo2 and expired CO2 levels to ascertain their ability to identify these same events. Results. The first night of polygraphic recording was inconclusive enough to warrant a second recording in 316 of 411 children. Children were identified as having either UARS (n = 259), OSAS (n = 83), or other sleep disorders (n = 69). Children with small triangular chins, retroposition of the mandible, steep mandibular plane, high hard palate, long oval-shaped face, or long soft palate were highly likely to have sleep-disordered breathing of some type. If large tonsils were associated with these features, OSAS was much more frequently noted than UARS. In the 76 gold standard children, Pes, tcPco2, and expired CO2 measurements were in agreement for 1512 of the 1848 apneas and hypopneas that were analyzed. Of the 7040 upper airway resistance events, only 2314 events were consonant in all three measures. tcPco2 identified only 33% of the increased respiratory events identified by Pes; expired CO2 identified only 53% of the same events. Conclusions. UARS is a subtle form of sleep-disordered breathing that leads to significant clinical symptoms and day and nighttime disturbances. When clinical symptoms suggest abnormal breathing during sleep but obstructive sleep apneas are not found, physicians may, mistakenly, assume an absence of breathing-related sleep problems. Symptoms and orocraniofacial information were not useful in distinguishing UARS from OSAS but were useful in distinguishing sleep-disordered breathing (UARS and OSAS) from other sleep disorders. The analysis of esophageal pressure patterns during sleep was the most revealing of the three techniques used for recognizing abnormal breathing patterns during sleep.

scholarly journals Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Upper Airway Allergy: A Survey of Allergists' Practices

2016 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. AB185
Author(s):  
Dennis Shusterman ◽  
Fuad M. Baroody ◽  
Timothy J. Craig ◽  
Samuel L. Friedlander ◽  
Talal M. Nsouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Disordered Breathing
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