Hydrological Design of Multipurpose Micro-catchment Rainwater Management

Is the Microfiltration Process Suitable as a Method of Removing Suspended Solids from Rainwater?

Resources ◽

10.3390/resources10030021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Karolina Fitobór ◽

Bernard Quant

Keyword(s):

Suspended Solids ◽

Rainwater Harvesting ◽

Anthropogenic Pressure ◽

Granulometric Analysis ◽

Suspended Substances ◽

Rainwater Runoff ◽

Rainwater Management ◽

Alternative Sources ◽

Average Size ◽

Silt Density Index

Due to climate change and anthropogenic pressure, freshwater availability is declining in areas where it has not been noticeable so far. As a result, the demands for alternative sources of safe drinking water and effective methods of purification are growing. A solution worth considering is the treatment of rainwater by microfiltration. This study presents the results of selected analyses of rainwater runoff, collected from the roof surface of individual households equipped with the rainwater harvesting system. The method of rainwater management and research location (rural area) influenced the low content of suspended substances (TSS < 0.02 mg/L) and turbidity (<4 NTU). Microfiltration allowed for the further removal of suspension particles with sizes larger than 0.45 μm and with efficiency greater than 60%. Granulometric analysis indicated that physical properties of suspended particles vary with the season and weather. During spring, particles with an average size of 500 μm predominated, while in autumn particles were much smaller (10 μm). However, Silt Density Index measurements confirmed that even a small amount of suspended solids can contribute to the fouling of membranes (SDI > 5). Therefore, rainwater cannot be purified by microfiltration without an appropriate pretreatment.

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The Urban Environment Impact of Climate Change Study and Proposal of the City Micro-Environment Improvement

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13084096 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 4096

Author(s):

Jozefína Pokrývková ◽

Ľuboš Jurík ◽

Lenka Lackóová ◽

Klaudia Halászová ◽

Richard Hanzlík ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Environment Impact ◽

Management Procedures ◽

Aging Infrastructure ◽

Continue Research ◽

Rainwater Management ◽

The Given ◽

The City ◽

Very High

The water management of cities and villages faces many challenges. Aging infrastructure systems operate for many years after their theoretical lifetime (operation) with a very high need for reconstruction and repair. The solution is proper rainwater management. The investigated area is part of the cadastral area of the Nitra city. This article is based on the use of geographic information systems (GIS) as tools in proposing water retention measures that are needed to improve the microenvironment of the city. We proceeded in several steps, which consisted of area analysis, survey, surface runoff calculations in urbanized areas, proposal of a suitable solution for given location. For real possibilities of rainwater management procedures, a new site on the outskirts of the city was selected. In the given locality, it was possible to use water infiltration as a solution. The locality has suitable conditions of land ownership, pedological conditions, the slope of the area and also the interest of the inhabitants in the ecological solution. The outlined study indicates the need to continue research on the reliability of rainwater management practices.

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