The study on the opportunity choice of Backward country’s enterprise catching up emerging industry under Global Value Chain: Based on A-U model of Technology Innovation

Innovation can be achieved via various channels, and the effectiveness of each channel depends on the stage of development as well as the local social-economic settings. Based on the concept that innovation is not only limited to invention but also characterized as a learning and adopting process, this chapter discusses the important role of foreign technology sources in China’s innovation path. Different types of foreign knowledge sources are reviewed, including trade, technology licensing, inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI), internationalization of research and development (R&D), global value chain, and returnees. The discussion highlights the complementary effect between foreign knowledge sources and indigenous innovation efforts in fostering technological upgrading in China. To maximize the benefits from innovation and accelerate catching up, the explicit and well-focused encouragement of indigenous innovation and acquisitions of foreign knowledge must work in parallel.

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The Changing Patterns of North Korea’s International Film Co-Productions Since the 1980s: A Global Value Chain Approach

European Journal of Korean Studies ◽

10.33526/ejks.20201902.83 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 83-108

Author(s):

Moon Hwy-Chang ◽

Wenyang Yin

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

North Korea ◽

Film Industry ◽

International Standards ◽

The Political ◽

Global Value Chain ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Changing Patterns ◽

Film Productions

Although North Korea is one of the most closed countries in the world, it has long been pursuing international cooperation with other countries in order to upgrade the quality of its film industry to international standards. Preceding studies on this topic have mainly focused on the political influences behind filmmaking in general and very few studies have exclusively dealt with North Korea’s international co-productions. In this respect, in order to develop a comprehensive understanding of the internalization strategy of North Korea’s film productions, this paper uses the global value chain as a framework for analysis. This approach helps understand the internationalization pattern of each value chain activity of film co-productions in terms of the film location and the methods for collaborating with foreign partners. By dividing the evolution of North Korea’s international co-productions into three periods since the 1980s, this paper finds that although North Korea has shown mixed results with different aspects of the film value chain, it has generally improved its internationalization over the three periods. This paper further provides strategic directions for North Korea by learning some of the successful Chinese experiences in the film sector regarding collaboration with foreign partners—to foster a win-win situation for all involved parties.

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