Attentional bias of guilty and innocent participants in a concealed information test

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1585-1594
Author(s):  
Yu Na Hong ◽  
Min Jin Jin ◽  
Hyoen Gi Hong ◽  
Hee Song Kim ◽  
Hyung Ki Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Response ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Concealed Information Test ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Probe Task ◽  
Concealed Information ◽  
Information Test

We examined the attentional bias between guilt and innocence in a concealed information test using a dot-probe task. The participants were 20 individuals in a guilty group, who were told they had committed a crime, 21 individuals in an innocent group, who were told they had not committed a crime, and 19 individuals in an informed-innocent group, who were told they had not committed a crime but who were given crime-relevant information. Participants in the guilty group were instructed to try to deceive the examiner so that their crime would not be detected, whereas those in the 2 innocent groups were told to be open and frank. The avoidance response of the guilty group was much stronger than that of the 2 innocent groups at an exposure duration of 1,250 ms. We also confirmed that a group not involved in a criminal act, but with crime-relevant information, could be distinguished effectively at an exposure duration of 1,250 ms. Thus, it is possible to distinguish between not only the guilty versus innocent group, but also the guilty group versus the innocent group with crime-related information.

scholarly journals Item Roles Explored in a Modified P300-Based CTP Concealed Information Test

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gáspár Lukács ◽  
Alicja Grządziel ◽  
Marleen Kempkes ◽  
Ulrich Ansorge
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Visual Similarity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trial Protocol ◽  
Concealed Information Test ◽  
Probe Task ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Concealed Information ◽  
Information Test

In this study, we introduced familiarity-related inducer items (expressions referring to the participant’s self-related, familiar details: “mine,” “familiar”; and expressions referring to other, unfamiliar details, e.g., “other,” “irrelevant”) to the Complex Trial Protocol version of the P300-based Concealed Information Test (CIT), at the same time using different item categories with various levels of personal importance to the participants (forenames, birthdays, favorite animals). The inclusion of inducers did not significantly improve the overall efficiency of the method as we would have expected considering that these inducers should increase awareness of the denial of the recognition of the probes (the true details of the participants), and hence the subjective saliency of the items (Lukács, Kleinberg, & Verschuere, 2017). This may be explained by the visual similarity of inducers to the probe and irrelevant items and the consequent distracting influence of inducers on probe-task performance. On the other hand, the CIT effect (probe-irrelevant P300 differences) was always lower for less personally important (low-salient) and higher for more personally important (high-salient) items.

scholarly journals Variation of picture angles and its effect on the Concealed Information Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Hsu ◽  
Yu-Hui Lo ◽  
Shi-Chiang Ke ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Philip Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Concealed Information Test ◽  
Concealed Information ◽  
Information Test

scholarly journals Familiarity-based fillers improve the validity of reaction time-based memory detection

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Verschuere ◽  
Gáspár Lukács ◽  
Bennett Kleinberg
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Concealed Information Test ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Single Probe ◽  
Multiple Probe ◽  
Concealed Information ◽  
Information Test

The reaction time (RT)-based Concealed Information Test (CIT) allows for the detection of concealed knowledge (e.g., one’s true identity) when the questions are presented randomly (multiple-probe protocol), but its performance is much weaker when questions are presented in blocks (e.g., first question about surname, then about birthday; single-probe protocol). The latter test protocol, however, is the preferred and sometimes even the only feasible interviewing method in real-life. In a first, pre-registered, experiment (n = 363), we show that the validity of the single-probe protocol version can be substantially improved by including familiarity-related filler trials (e.g., “KNOWN,” “UNKNOWN”). We replicated these findings in a second, preregistered, experiment (n = 237), where we further found that the use of familiarity-related fillers even improved the classic multiple-probe protocol. We recommend the use of familiarity-related filler trials for the RT-based CIT.

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