Giving Voice to Diversity in Criminological Research

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminological Research

scholarly journals Understanding policing demand and deployment through the lens of the city and with the application of big data

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802098100
Author(s):  
Mark Ellison ◽  
Jon Bannister ◽  
Won Do Lee ◽  
Muhammad Salman Haleem
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multilevel Model ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Generalised Method Of Moments ◽  
The City

The effective, efficient and equitable policing of urban areas rests on an appreciation of the qualities and scale of, as well as the factors shaping, demand. It also requires an appreciation of the factors shaping the resources deployed in their address. To this end, this article probes the extent to which policing demand (crime, anti-social behaviour, public safety and welfare) and deployment (front-line resource) are similarly conditioned by the social and physical urban environment, and by incident complexity. The prospect of exploring policing demand, deployment and their interplay is opened through the utilisation of big data and artificial intelligence and their integration with administrative and open data sources in a generalised method of moments (GMM) multilevel model. The research finds that policing demand and deployment hold varying and time-sensitive association with features of the urban environment. Moreover, we find that the complexities embedded in policing demands serve to shape both the cumulative and marginal resources expended in their address. Beyond their substantive policy relevance, these findings serve to open new avenues for urban criminological research centred on the consideration of the interplay between policing demand and deployment.

Living Criminologically with Naked Emperors

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hal Pepinsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
Personal Violence

The author reviews the course of his criminological research, which began with the study of how police decide whether to record offenses. His research on crime measurement has ultimately led him to give up trying to measure trends in crime and criminality. In its place, he proposes a paradigm in which criminologists study how to democratize participation in social life, arguing that this is a more valid way to measure progress toward control of crime and personal violence.

scholarly journals An open and reproducible analysis of a controversial criminal law decision: Mission IMM-possible?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Chin
Keyword(s):  
Open Source Software ◽  
Research Process ◽  
High Court ◽  
The Public ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
Reproducible Analysis ◽  
High Court Of Australia

Reproducibility and open access are central to the research process, enabling researchers to verify and build upon each other’s work, and allowing the public to rely on that work. These ideals are perhaps even more important in legal and criminological research, fields that actively seek to inform law and policy. This article has two goals. First, it seeks to advance legal and criminological research methods by serving as an example of a reproducible and open analysis of a controversial criminal evidence decision. Towards that end, this study relies on open source software, and includes an app (https://openlaw.shinyapps.io/imm-app/) allowing readers to access and read through the judicial decisions being analysed. The second goal is to examine the effect of the 2016 High Court of Australia decision, IMM v The Queen, which appeared to limit safeguards against evidence known to contribute to wrongful convictions in Australia and abroad.

Studying Situational Effects of Setting Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank M. Weerman ◽  
Evelien Hoeben ◽  
Wim Bernasco ◽  
Lieven J. R. Pauwels ◽  
Gerben J.N. Bruinsma
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Precise Measurement ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Analytical Strategy ◽  
Situational Influences ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
Situational Effects ◽  
Collection Methods

This chapter addresses methods to study situational influences of setting characteristics on adolescent offending. In particular, it describes data collection methods (space-time budget interviews, census data, community surveys, and systematic social observations) that enable precise measurement of what respondents do, with whom they undertake these activities, and in what kind of places (both the geographical area and the function of the location) they find themselves. Such data capture presence in and exposure to different kinds of settings during particular periods in time. This chapter illustrates the usefulness of these method for criminological research by summarizing the results of three sub-studies from the Study of Peers, Activities, and Neighborhoods (SPAN) conducted in the Netherlands. It first discusses the design of the SPAN data collection and the instruments that were used in it. It then reviews each study in turn by summarizing its theoretical motivation, data structure, and analytical strategy, and by describing the main findings it has generated.

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