The Formation of Turkish Republicanism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banu Turnaoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Political Experience ◽  
Turkish Nationalism ◽  
Turkish Politics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Kurdish Question ◽  
Modern Turkey ◽  
Kemal Ataturk

Turkish republicanism is commonly thought to have originated with Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the founding of modern Turkey in 1923, and is understood exclusively in terms of Kemalist ideals, characterized by the principles of secularism, nationalism, statism, and populism. This book challenges this view, showing how Turkish republicanism represents the outcome of centuries of intellectual dispute in Turkey over Islamic and liberal conceptions of republicanism, culminating in the victory of Kemalism in the republic's formative period. The book is the first complete history of republican thinking in Turkey from the birth of the Ottoman state to the founding of the modern republic. It shows how the Kemalists wrote Turkish history from their own perspective, presenting their own version of republicanism as inevitable while disregarding the contributions of competing visions. The book demonstrates how republicanism has roots outside the Western political experience, broadening our understanding of intellectual history. It reveals how the current crises in Turkish politics—including the Kurdish Question, democratic instability, the rise of radical Islam, and right-wing Turkish nationalism—arise from intellectual tensions left unresolved by Kemalist ideology. The book offers a new narrative of the evolution and shaping of modern Turkey.

“All Beneficial Knowledge is Revealed”:

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Stearns
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Intellectual Traditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intellectual Context

The intellectual history of the Muslim world during the post-formative period is poorly understood compared to the centuries in which the initial development of the principal Islamic intellectual traditions occurred. This article examines the legal status of the natural sciences in the thought of the Moroccan scholar al-Ḥasan al-Yūsī (d. 1102/1691) and his contemporaries, both in terms of the categorization of knowledge and in terms of developments in conceptions of causality in post-formative Ashʿarī theology. In the latter respect, al-Yūsī’s writings on causality are compared to those of his contemporary in Damascus, ʿAbd al-Ghanī al-Nābulusī, with attention to the broader historiographic perils in comparing intellectual developments in the Early Modern period to those occurring in Europe. By placing al-Yūsī’s views in intellectual context, I seek to demonstrate how a more productive history of the natural sciences in the post-formative Muslim world might be written.


A PATRIOTIC LEFTIST DEVELOPMENT-STRATEGY PROPOSAL IN TURKEY IN THE 1930S: THE CASE OF THE KADRO (CADRE) MOVEMENT

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Türkeş
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
People's Party ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Monthly Journal ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Kemal Ataturk

This article attempts to make a contribution to the intellectual history of the early Turkish Republic through an examination of Kadro, a monthly journal of political, economic, and social ideas, which was published in Turkey between 1932 and 1934.1 The Kadro movement took its name from the journal Kadro; the journal aspired to fulfill two self-appointed tasks: to develop an ideological framework in which to interpret the Turkish revolution that had created the republican regime led by President Mustafa Kemal Atatürk,2 and to suggest economic policies that, in accordance with this ideological framework, the regime should pursue in the future. Although Kadro clearly identified itself with the republican regime, and although its publication was sanctioned and encouraged by leaders of the Kemalist regime (the same political leadership that eventually forced Kadro to cease publication), it was not a simple emanation of the government or of the ruling Republican People's Party (RPP). Most of the journal's regular writers had “leftist” backgrounds that had, on occasion, brought them into collision with the republican authorities. Kadro's political loyalty to the regime was never in question, but within these limits, it exhibited a striking degree of intellectual independence.

Masters of the Universe

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stedman Jones
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Current Economic Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Left ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Interwar Europe ◽  
The Relationship

Based on archival research and interviews with leading participants in the movement, this book traces the ascendancy of neoliberalism from the academy of interwar Europe to supremacy under Reagan and Thatcher and in the decades since. The book argues that there was nothing inevitable about the victory of free-market politics. Far from being the story of the simple triumph of right-wing ideas, the neoliberal breakthrough was contingent on the economic crises of the 1970s and the acceptance of the need for new policies by the political left. This edition includes a new foreword which addresses the relationship between intellectual history and the history of politics and policy. Fascinating, important, and timely, this is a book for anyone who wants to understand the history behind the Anglo-American love affair with the free market, as well as the origins of the current economic crisis.

scholarly journals Revealed Science

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin K Stearns
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Intellectual Traditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intellectual Context

The intellectual history of the Muslim world during the post-formative period is poorly understood compared to the centuries in which the initial development of the principal Islamic intellectual traditions occurred. This article examines the legal status of the natural sciences in the thought of the Moroccan scholar al-Ḥasan al-Yūsī (d. 1102/1691) and his contemporaries, both in terms of the categorization of knowledge and in terms of developments in conceptions of causality in post-formative Ashᶜarī theology. In the latter respect, I compare al-Yūsī’s writings on causality to those of his contemporary in Damascus, ᶜAbd al-Ghanī al-Nābulusī, with attention to the broader historiographic perils in comparing intellectual developments in the Early Modern period to those occurring in Europe. By placing al-Yūsī’s views in intellectual context, I seek to demonstrate how a more productive history of the natural sciences in the post-formative Muslim world might be written.

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