The role of magnetic resonance imaging in acute trauma of the cervical spine in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
I. A. Korneev ◽  
T. A. Akhadov ◽  
I. A. Mel'nikov ◽  
O. S. Iskhakov ◽  
N. A. Semenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Cervical Spine Trauma ◽  
Spine Trauma ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Acute Trauma

Aim.To evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a diagnostic method in children with acute trauma of the cervical spine and spinal cord, to compare the correspondence of MRI results with neurologic symptoms in accordance with the ASIA scale.Materials and methods.156 children with acute trauma of spine and spinal cord at the age from 6 months up to 18 years were studied. MRI was performed on a Phillips Achieva 3T scanner. The standard protocol included MYUR (myelography) in coronal and sagittal projections, STIR and T2VI FS SE in sagittal projection, T2VI SE or T2 * VI FSGE (axial projection), 3D T1VI FSGE before and after contrast enhancement. Contrast substance was injected intravenously in the form of a bolus at the rate of 0.1 mmol/kg (equivalent to 0.1 ml/kg) at a rate of 3 to 4 ml.Results.The causes of cervical spine blunt trauma were: road accidents (55), catatrauma (60), “diver” trauma (21), blunt trauma (20). Intramedullary lesions of the spinal cord were detected: concussion (49), bruising / crushing (27), hematomia (34), disruption with divergence of segments (21), accompanied by edema (141); extramedullary lesions: epi- and subdural, intralesive and sub-connective and soft tissues hematomas (68), ruptures of bundles (48), fractures (108), dislocation and subluxation of the vertebrae (35), traumatic disc herniation (37), spinal cord compression and/or rootlets (63), statics violation (134), instability (156).Conclusion.MRI is the optimal method for spinal cord injury diagnostics. In the acute period of injury this technique has limited application, but it can however serve as a primary diagnostic method in these patients. MRI should be performed no later than the first 72 hours after injury. The most optimal for visualization of cervical spine trauma and spinal cord are T2VI SE and STIR in sagittal projection with suppression of signal from fat. MRI results correlate with neurologic symptoms at the time of performance according to the ASIA scale, and therefore MRI should be performed in all patients with acute cervical spine trauma, whenever possible.

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN CERVICAL SPINE TRAUMA

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Hall ◽  
Vithal G. Wagle ◽  
John Raycroft ◽  
Richard L. Goldman ◽  
Alan R. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cervical Spine Trauma ◽  
Spine Trauma ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Acute Cervical Spine Trauma

Spine ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1090-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
DALE M. SCHAEFER ◽  
ADAM FLANDERS ◽  
BRUCE E. NORTHRUP ◽  
H T DOAN ◽  
JEWELL L. OSTERHOLM
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cervical Spine Trauma ◽  
Spine Trauma ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Modification of the ventral approach to the caudal cervical spine by resection of the manubrium in a dog

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 514-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Owen ◽  
M. A. Bush
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Successful Performance ◽  
Disc Material ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adverse Affects

SummaryA five-year-old neutered female Bassett Hound weighing 29 kg was presented with a two-day history of paraparesis. Neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of extruded disc material ventral to the spinal cord, from the C7-T1 intervertebral disc. A ventral slot was performed to decompress the cord. In making the approach to the caudal cervical spine, the cranial aspect of the manubrium of the sternum was resected. This improved the exposure of a region normally difficult to expose via a conventional ventral approach to the cervical spine. The successful performance of the ventral slot procedure was greatly facilitated by this adaptation, which was quick and simple to perform, without any apparent adverse affects to the animal.

Congenital Cervical Spine Stenosis in a Multicenter Global Cohort of Patients With Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: An Ambispective Report Based on a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnostic Criterion

Neurosurgery ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aria Nouri ◽  
Lindsay Tetreault ◽  
Satoshi Nori ◽  
Allan R Martin ◽  
Anick Nater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Baseline Severity ◽  
Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy

Abstract BACKGROUND Congenital spinal stenosis (CSS) of the cervical spine is a risk factor for acute spinal cord injury and development of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). OBJECTIVE To develop magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based criteria to diagnose preexisting CSS and evaluate differences between patients with and without CSS. METHODS A secondary analysis of international prospectively collected data between 2005 and 2011 was conducted. We examined the data of 349 surgical DCM patients and 27 controls. Spinal canal and cord anteroposterior diameters were measured at noncompressed sites to calculate spinal cord occupation ratio (SCOR). Torg–Pavlov ratios and spinal canal diameters from radiographs were correlated with SCOR. Clinical and MRI factors were compared between patients with and without CSS. Surgical outcomes were also assessed. RESULTS Calculation of SCOR was feasible in 311/349 patients. Twenty-six patients with CSS were identified (8.4%). Patients with CSS were younger than patients without CSS (P = .03) and had worse baseline severity as measured by the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association score (P = .04), Nurick scale (P = .05), and Neck Disability Index (P < .01). CSS patients more commonly had T2 cord hyperintensity changes (P = .09, ns) and worse SF-36 Physical Component scores (P = .06, ns). SCOR correlated better with Torg–Pavlov ratio and spinal canal diameter at C3 than C5. Patients with SCOR ≥ 65% were also younger but did not differ in baseline severity. CONCLUSION SCOR ≥ 70% is an effective criterion to diagnose CSS. CSS patients develop myelopathy at a younger age and have greater impairment and disability than other patients with DCM. Despite this, CSS patients have comparable duration of symptoms, MRI presentations, and surgical outcomes to DCM patients without CSS.

The use of flexion-extension magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating signal intensity changes of the cervical spinal cord

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kern H. Guppy ◽  
Mark Hawk ◽  
Indro Chakrabarti ◽  
Amit Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Dynamic Mr

The authors present 2 cases involving patients who presented with myelopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed spinal cord signal changes on T2-weighted images without any spinal cord compression. Flexion-extension plain radiographs of the spine showed no instability. Dynamic MR imaging of the cervical spine, however, showed spinal cord compression on extension. Compression of the spinal cord was caused by dynamic anulus bulging and ligamentum flavum buckling. This report emphasizes the need for dynamic MR imaging of the cervical spine for evaluating spinal cord changes on neutral position MR imaging before further workup for other causes such as demyelinating disease.

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