scholarly journals A Case Study of Chrysanthemum inscriptions and poems on the Tragic Deepening of the ‘The Story of the Stone’ with the Talented Beauty Novel in the Early Qing Dynasty

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Early Qing Dynasty

From the Open Seas to the Guangzhou System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Van Dyke
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
System P ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Qing Government ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Early Qing Dynasty

The transformation from the open sea policies of the early Qing Dynasty (1644–1911) to the rise of the Guangzhou System was a process that took many years. It began with the capture of Taiwan from the Zheng family regime in 1683 and the opening of multiple Chinese ports to trade in 1684. Over the next four decades, Qing officials experimented with different ways of managing trade, and by about 1700, Guangzhou had emerged as one of the most successful at attracting foreign ships. The practices that were found to be most effective at maintaining control—while at the same time encouraging foreigners to return each year—were gradually incorporated into the city’s commercial policies. By the 1720s, all of the basic features of what came to be called the Guangzhou System were firmly in place. In 1757, the Qing government closed other Chinese ports to foreign trade, which guaranteed that Guangzhou would remain the center of commerce up to the signing of the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.

The Bannerman Community of Fujian Qinjiang under the Qing Dynasty: A Case Study in Acculturation (涵化)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-92
Author(s):  
Xueshen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Han Chinese ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Marriage Model ◽  
The Village

Abstract The banner city constructed in 1729 at the village of Qinjiang, Fujian, provides a typical example of interaction and acculturation between Qing bannermen and local Chinese. The bannermen were the small, ethnically defined, but humanly constructed minority that ruled China for two hundred and sixty-eight years. The Qinjiang banner city was established well into that era, and records of life there indicate how much the newcomers accepted Han Chinese culture, local religious beliefs, and Fujian kinship modes. But we also see how the Bannermen maintained self-identity, such as the inner banner circle marriage model and banner community maintenance.

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