The detailed structure of the spiracles in the Ixodoidea has hitherto received little or no attention at the hands of zoologists; at the same time, these organs are sufficiently extraordinary to make it a matter of surprise that, so far as our knowledge of the literature goes, not one of the numerous contributors to the subject of tick anatomy has found it worth while to undertake a complete description or to publish figures to illustrate it. Batelli (1891) gives a short account of the structure of the spiracle of a tick, presumably Ixodes ricinus, with a single figure, but with this exception we have been unable to find any further information on the subject.
The efficacy of natural acaricide application against Ixodidae (Ixodes ricinus)