scholarly journals Perspectivas de soluções tecno-econômico para projetos de rede em banda larga na educação EAD e presencial

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-484
Author(s):  
Odair dos Santos Mesquita ◽  
Yuzo Iano ◽  
Rangel Arthur

A inclusão digital abre inúmeras possibilidades para integração, promoção do bem estar social (e-inclusion), educação complementar (internet voltada para aplicação de softwares com grande capacidade para educação) ou à distância (e-learning) e desenvolvimento profissional. A velocidade constante e a necessidade de alta capacidade de transmissão multimídia no meio educativo só serão viáveis se existir uma rede internet de banda larga com preços acessíveis. Este trabalho pauta-se em ampla pesquisa de tecnologias inovadoras para internet de banda larga voltada para implantação em municípios brasileiros onde a mesma não esteja disponível. Buscando a redução do valor final para o usuário, tanto residencial quanto comercial. Assim, propomos apresentar, elaborar e selecionar informações atuais relativas às implantações das tecnologias EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Networks) e GPON (Gigabyte-capable Passive Optical Networks) nas redes ópticas de acesso. Uma vez que permanecem em aberto na literatura especializada trabalhos analisando a viabilidade técnica e econômica de redes GPON e EPON, as quais continuam concorrendo até hoje, sem uma dominação ou exclusão definida. Após análise em trabalhos anteriores atualizamos e ampliamos informações de implantações recentes destas redes, comparando tendências dessas tecnologias aplicadas em nível nacional e internacional. Como metodologia de modelamento, criamos tabelas com valores hipotéticos baseados nos números do mercado de equipamentos, para termos um panorama do investimento e do custeio total na implantação de projetos, isto visando a comparação técnica-econômica das tecnologias GPON e EPON. Após a análise técnica-econômica da implatação de ambas, concluímos que devido aos investimentos e aos custos na implantação da rede banda larga nos países latino americanos é mais conveniente a utilização dos equipamentos GPON devido aos valores de investimento e custos serem atrativos. Além de que temos que buscar novos meios de baratear os valores cobrados nas mensalidades das empresas fornecedoras do serviço de banda larga, visando especialmente a obtenção do custo zero para as instituições de ensino presencial e no menor custo para o EAD. Palavras-chave: Banda Larga. Internet. EAD.   ABSTRACT Digital inclusion opens up numerous possibilities for integration , promotion of social welfare (e-inclusion) , further education (internet facing application software with great capacity for education) or distance learning (e-learning) and professional development . The constant speed and the necessity of a high-capacity multimedia transmission in the educational world will only be possible if there is an acessible price in broadband internet network.This is an extensive research of innovative technologies for broadband internet to implant in Brazilian´s cities where this kind of resource is not available, aiming a reduction in the final value to both users, residential and commercial. So, we intend to present ,to prepare and to select current information regarding deployments of EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Networks) and GPON technologies (Gigabyt-capable Passive Optical Networks) in optical access networks. Once there is a lack, in technical literature, of other projects analysing the technical and economial feasibility of GPON and EPON networks , which continue running until today , without domination or exclusion set. After analysis in previous papers, we updated and expanded information from recent deployments of these networks by comparing trends of these technologies applied in national and internacional levels. As a methodology for modeling the project, we created tables with hypothetical values based on the numbers of the equipment market , in order to have an overview of the investment and the total cost to implement this project, aiming at technical-economic comparison of EPON and GPON technologies . After the technical - economic analysis of implanting both , we conclude that due to investments and the costs in the deployment of the broadband network in Latin American countries, it is more convenient to use the equipment GPON, because the values and costs are more attractive . Besides, we have to look for new ways to cheapen the monthly payment of suppliers of broadband service, especially aiming zero cost to the institutions of classroom teaching and the lowest cost to the EAD(d-Learning). Keywords: Broadband. Internet. EAD.

Author(s):  
Mário M. Freire ◽  
Paulo P. Monteiro ◽  
Henrique J.A. da Silva ◽  
José Ruela

Recently, Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPONs) have received a great amount of interest as a promising cost-effective solution for next-generation high-speed access networks. This is confirmed by the formation of several fora and working groups that contribute to their development, namely the EPON Forum (http://www. ieeecommunities.org/epon), the Ethernet in the First Mile Alliance (http://www.efmalliance.org), and the IEEE 802.3ah working group (http://www.ieee802. org/3/efm), which is responsible for the standardization process. EPONs are a simple, inexpensive, and scalable solution for high-speed residential access capable of delivering voice, high-speed data, and multimedia services to end users (Kramer, Mukherjee, & Maislos, 2003; Kramer & Pesavento, 2002; Lorenz, Rodrigues, & Freire, 2004; McGarry, Maier, & Reisslein, 2004; Pesavento, 2003). An EPON combines the transport of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet frames over a low-cost and broadband point-to-multipoint passive optical fibre infrastructure connecting the optical line terminal (OLT) located at the central office to optical network units (ONUs) usually located at the subscriber premises. In the downstream direction, the EPON behaves as a broadcast and select shared medium, with Ethernet frames transmitted by the OLT reaching every ONU. In the upstream direction, Ethernet frames transmitted by each ONU will only reach the OLT, but an arbitration mechanism is required to avoid collisions. This article provides an overview of EPONs focused several issues: EPON architecture, multipoint control protocol (MPCP), quality of service (QoS), and operations, administration, and maintenance (OAM) capability of EPONs.


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