scholarly journals Demand Analysis of Recreation Visits to Chitral Valley: A Natural Resource Management Perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (4II) ◽  
pp. 971-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rafiq ◽  
Shafiqullah .
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Demand Curve ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cultural Economic

Recreational visits are primarily about human activity which involves travel from an originating area to a destination for cultural, economic, and social exchange processes. People travel to exotic locations for sight seeing, picnicking, bird watching, and for cultural and religious settings. However, accessibility to such areas is often free, which not only results in environmental hazards but also deprives the cash destitute government from revenue that such these sites offer. Valuing the recreational benefits associated with a destination based on tourists’ preferences can help formulate an appropriate policy for Natural Resource Management (NRM). Environmental and natural resource management studies often try to measure the welfare change associated with a policy change. Welfare is generally defined as area under the demand curve; accordingly, by estimating the demand curve, consumer surplus is obtained which shows the welfare changes associated with an environmental policy change [Gunatilake (2003)]. The recreational values thus obtained can be utilised for a cost benefit analysis of a policy option, thereby, managing a park or a natural resource on a sustainable basis.

scholarly journals Climate Change as Ecological Colonialism: Dilemma of Innocent Victims

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 111-140
Author(s):  
Prakash Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Cultural Economic

Climate Change is at just the once a social, cultural and an ecological issue. It is an environmental justice issue, an issue of economic and political domination, a consequence of clash between deregulated capitalism and the welfare of mankind deeply entrenched in a capitalist economic system based upon the persistent exploitation of natural resource for individual benefits. Poverty stricken peoples of least developed countries are the innocent victims of climate change. This article argues and identifies key ways that anthropological knowledge/lens can enrich and deepen contemporary understandings of climate change. From discussions allied to natural resource management practices it is construed that natural resource management practices are impacted from factors –political, economic (capitalism), domination, cultural, community and societal activities which are anthropogenic factors responsible for climate change calling for the equity and justice implications of climate change issues. As climate change is ecological colonialism at its fullest development-its critical scale-with sweeping social, cultural, economic and political implications, anthropological lens seek to respond to climate change at the local, regional, national, and global scales and are helpful in reflecting the understandings in application and seeking ways to pool resource with communities to assist them in addressing their climate change concerns. There are some other key contributions that anthropology can bring to understandings of climate change viz. awareness of cultural values and political relations that shape the production and interpretation of climate change knowledge, survival, power, ethics, morals, environmental costs and justice, militarism, war, intertwined crises of food, water, biodiversity loss and livelihood.Himalayan Journal of Sociology & Anthropology - Vol. VII (2016), Page: 111-140

scholarly journals Consumer surplus and budget constrained preference maximization: A note

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Somdeb Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Demand Curve ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Applied Economics ◽  
Happy Ending ◽  
Mba Programs ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Demand Curves

The paper attempts to rectify what appear to be popular but elementary misconceptions about the concept of consumer surplus in the context of Marshallian demand curves. It is primarily addressed to teachers of microeconomics at the undergraduate level or in MBA programs of business schools. The main text informs the reader about the model/context and the results we are concerned with, all of the latter being a comprehensive teaching note, relegated to an appendix of the paper. Thus, the potential instructor may use the main text to motivate himself/herself and at the same time inform his/her students as to the topic i.e. the rehabilitation of consumer surplus as an exact measure of welfare from the stand-point of cost benefit analysis. Thereafter the appendix can be referred to for a more formal presentation. The technical results contained in the appendix begin by showing that willingness to pay is the area under the demand curve if and only if consumers are surplus maximizers. The last result in the appendix is a theoretically ‘happy ending’ since it shows that for purposes of applied economics, budget constrained preference maximization implies surplus maximization and hence for such consumers, willingness to pay is indeed the area under the demand curve up to the quantity consumed.

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