HHATL is differentially expressed in primary tumors and brain metastases in humans with breast cancer.

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We report here the differential expression of the hedgehog acyltransferase-like, encoded by HHATL, in the primary tumors and brain metastases of humans with breast cancer. HHATL mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. These data combined suggest that down-regulation of HHATL is a conserved event, both during transformation of breast tissues and progression to central nervous system metastasis and further point to potential importance of modulation of HHATL during progression of human breast cancer.

AKT1 is differentially expressed in primary tumors and brain metastases in humans with breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/m2ubf ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Central Nervous System Metastasis ◽

Human Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We report here the differential expression of the protein kinase AKT1 in the primary tumors and brain metastases of humans with breast cancer. AKT1 mRNA was present at significantly increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. These data combined suggest that up-regulation of AKT1 is a conserved event, both during transformation of breast tissues and progression to central nervous system metastasis and further point to potential importance of AKT1 modulation during progression of human breast cancer.

IRF2BP1 is differentially expressed in primary tumors and brain metastases in humans with breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/e7nmg ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Human Breast ◽

Regulatory Factor ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We report here the differential expression of the interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein 1, encoded by IRF2BP1, in the primary tumors and brain metastases of humans with breast cancer. IRF2BP1 mRNA was present at significantly increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. These data combined suggest that up-regulation of IRF2BP1 is a conserved event, both during transformation of breast tissues and progression to central nervous system metastasis and further point to potential importance of IRF2BP1 modulation during progression of human breast cancer.

Klotho is differentially expressed in primary tumors and brain metastases in humans with breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/yw456 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Human Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We report here the differential expression of Klotho, encoded by KL, in the primary tumors and brain metastases in humans with breast cancer. KL mRNA was present at significantly reduced quantities in both primary tumors and brain metastatic tissues as compared to normal breast tissues. These data combined suggest that down-regulation of Klotho is a conserved event during transformation of breast tissues and progression to central nervous system metastasis and further point to potential importance of Klotho repression during progression of human breast cancer.

FGF12 is differentially expressed in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/7e5wd ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the fibroblast growth factor 12, encoded by FGF12, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to normal breast tissues. FGF12 mRNA expression was significantly higher in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Up-regulation of FGF12 expression may contribute to metastasis of tumor cells from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

C1R is differentially expressed in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/p9eyr ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the complement component 1, r subcomponent, encoded by C1R, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to normal breast tissues. C1R mRNA was present at significantly reduced quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Down-regulation of C1R expression may contribute to metastasis of tumor cells from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

Palladin is differentially expressed in both lymph node and brain metastases in human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/24u98 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Human Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Human Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that palladin, encoded by PALLD, was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. PALLD mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of PALLD in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of PALLD expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain.

SPRY2 is differentially expressed in both lymph node and brain metastases in human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/qxzun ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Human Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Free Survival ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that sprouty homolog 2, encoded by SPRY2, was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. SPRY2 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of SPRY2 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of SPRY2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain.

HIST1H2BE is differentially expressed in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/2d9hj ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We found that histone cluster 1, H2be, encoded by HIST1H2BE, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to normal breast tissues and primary tumors of the breast. HIST1H2BE mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast and to normal breast tissues. Up-regulation of HIST1H2BE expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

HIST1H3B is differentially expressed in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/ag8u4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We found that histone cluster 1, H3b (H3.1), encoded by HIST1H3B, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to normal breast tissues and primary tumors of the breast. HIST1H3B mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast and to normal breast tissues. Up-regulation of HIST1H3B expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

TOR1AIP1 is differentially expressed in both lymph node and brain metastases in human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/4cfr2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Human Breast ◽

Interacting Protein ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that torsin 1A interacting protein 1, encoded by TOR1AIP1, was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. TOR1AIP1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of TOR1AIP1 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of TOR1AIP1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain.