scholarly journals Echocardiographic findings in children with Tetralogy of Fallot

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Urmila Shakya ◽  
Poonam Sharma ◽  
Manish Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Pulmonary Atresia ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Double Outlet Right Ventricle ◽  
Echocardiographic Findings

Background and Aims: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease in children. The aim of this study was to identify various cardiac defects associated with TOF by transthoracic echocardiography.Methods: All children presenting to Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, with the diagnosis of TOF from 2014 to 2015 were included in the study. Echocardiograpic reports of all eighty eight children were reviewed.Results: The mean age of presentation was 3.5 } 3.9 years. Fifty six (64%) children were male and thirty two (36%) were female. Pulmonary artery anomaly was found in nine (10.2%) children which included hypoplastic pulmonary arteries, absent left pulmonary artery, post stenotic and aneurysmal dilatation of pulmonary artery. Pulmonary valve anomalies were seen in 13(14.8%) children which include pulmonary atresia, pin-hole opening of valve and bicuspid and absent pulmonary valve. Double outlet right ventricle, patent ductus arteriosus/major aortico-pulmonary collaterals, atrial septal defect and persistent left superior venacava were present in 12 (13.6%), 21 (23.9%), 22 (22.7%) and nine (10.2%) respectively. Right sided aortic arch was seen in 20 (22.7%).Conclusion: TOF is associated with various anatomical variations which need to be identified to avoid surgical complications. These can be diagnosed by echocardiography which has greatly reduced the need for invasive cardiac catheterization for these patients.Nepalese Heart Journal 2015;12(2):65-68

Tetralogy of Fallot With Absent Pulmonary Valve and Nonconfluent Pulmonary Arteries: A Management Conundrum

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. NP168-NP171
Author(s):  
Sethuraman Swaminathan ◽  
Arpit Agarwal ◽  
Juan C. Infante ◽  
Eliot Rosenkranz
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Absent Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Respiratory Management ◽  
Absent Pulmonary Valve Syndrome

Tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve syndrome is a rare form of congenital heart disease. Among the different variations with this rare anomaly is nonconfluent pulmonary artery branches with anomalous origin of the left pulmonary artery from the ductus arteriosus. The authors present one such case which was diagnosed prenatally to have tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve and identified postnatally to have nonconfluent pulmonary artery branches in addition. We discuss the conundrum of respiratory management in this patient pre- and postoperatively due to a unique ventilation perfusion mismatch problem, which varies between the two lungs.

scholarly journals Pulmonary atresia with a ventricular septal defect and left pulmonary artery discontinuity: a case report 

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Hwa Cha ◽  
Hae Min Kim ◽  
Won Joon Seong
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Pulmonary Atresia ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Right Pulmonary Artery

Abstract Background Unilateral pulmonary artery discontinuity is a rare malformation that is associated with other intracardiac abnormalities. Cases accompanied by other cardiac abnormalities are often missed on prenatal echocardiography. The prenatal diagnosis of isolated unilateral pulmonary artery discontinuity can also be delayed. However, undiagnosed this malformation would have an effect on further prognosis. We report our case of a prenatal diagnosis of pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and left pulmonary artery discontinuity. Case presentation A 33-year-old Asian woman visited our institution at 24 weeks of gestation because of suspected fetal congenital heart disease. Fetal echocardiography revealed a small atretic main pulmonary artery giving rise to the right pulmonary artery without bifurcation and the left pulmonary artery arising from the ductus arteriosus originating from the left subclavian artery. The neonate was delivered by cesarean section at 376/7 weeks of gestation. Postnatal echocardiography and multidetector computed tomography showed a right aortic arch, with the small right pulmonary artery originating from the atretic main pulmonary artery and the left pulmonary artery originating from the left subclavian artery. Patency of the ductus arteriosus from the left subclavian artery was maintained with prostaglandin E1. Right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction and pulmonary angioplasty with Gore-Tex graft patch was performed 25th day after birth. Unfortunately, the neonate died because of right heart failure 8 days postoperation. Conclusion There is a possibility that both pulmonary arteries do not arise from the same great artery (main pulmonary artery or common arterial trunk). Therefore, clinicians should check the origin of both pulmonary arteries.

scholarly journals Hidden pulmonary arteries in tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary artery pressure in patients operated with a pulmonary artery

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Edraki ◽  
Bahram Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Kambiz Keshavarz ◽  
Ahmadali Amirghofran ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Right Pulmonary Artery ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction The absence of a pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly that occurs isolated or with other congenital cardiac disorders, particularly tetralogy of Fallot (TOF); meanwhile, a hidden pulmonary artery might exist and originate from a closed ductus arteriosus (DA), which can be stented to reach the artery. Material and methods This prospective study describes cardiac catheterization of nine TOF patients diagnosed with the absence of the left pulmonary artery before the operation. The patients were stratified into three groups: group one, whose closed DA was found and connected to the hidden pulmonary artery with a stent; group two, whose hidden pulmonary arteries were found via the pulmonary vein angiography; and group three, for whom we could not find the remnant of the DA, or our attempt to stent the DA to the hidden pulmonary artery was not successful. We also evaluated outcomes of six other surgically-corrected TOF patients who were operated with the absent left pulmonary artery. Results The first group included the patients aged 1, 24, and 30 months, whose CT angiography 6–9 months after stenting showed acceptable left pulmonary artery diameter for surgical correction, and the pulmonary vein angiography of the second group showed a hidden left pulmonary artery with a suitable diameter for surgical correction. However, we were unable to find or stent the DA of group three patients, aged 12, 38, 60, and 63 months. Earlier Angiography might have increased the chance of access to the hidden vessel. Apart from these three groups, follow-ups of six other patients previously corrected with only the right pulmonary artery revealed pulmonary artery hypertension in all patients. Conclusion The concealed pulmonary artery might be found, and stenting of the closed DA to it might be performed to improve the diameter of the diminutive pulmonary artery. This procedure may allow TOF total surgical correction with two pulmonary arteries. Besides, pulmonary vein angiography can reveal the hidden pulmonary artery.

scholarly journals Existence of Hidden Pulmonary Arteries in Tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary artery hypertension in patients Operated with one Pulmonary Artery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Edraki ◽  
Bahram Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Kambiz Keshavarz ◽  
Ahmadali Amirghofran ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Right Pulmonary Artery ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction: The absence of a pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly that occurs isolated or with other congenital cardiac disorders, particularly tetralogy of Fallot (TOF); meanwhile, a hidden pulmonary artery might exist and originate from a closed ductus arteriosus (DA), which can be stented to reach the artery.Material and methods: This prospective study describes cardiac catheterization of nine TOF patients diagnosed with the absence of the left pulmonary artery before the operation. The patients were stratified into three groups: group one, whose closed DA was found and connected to the hidden pulmonary artery with a stent; group two, whose hidden pulmonary arteries were found via the pulmonary vein angiography; and group three, for whom we could not find the remnant of the DA, or our attempt to stent the DA to the hidden pulmonary artery was not successful.We also evaluated outcomes of six other surgically-corrected TOF patients who were operated with the absent left pulmonary artery.Results: The first group included the patients aged 1, 24, and 30 months, whose CT angiography 6-9 months after stenting showed acceptable left pulmonary artery diameter for surgical correction, and the pulmonary vein angiography of the second group showed a hidden left pulmonary artery with a suitable diameter for surgical correction.However, we were unable to find or stent the DA of group three patients, aged 12, 38, 60, and 63 months. Earlier Angiography might have increased the chance of access to the hidden vessel. Apart from these three groups, follow-ups of six other patients previously corrected with only the right pulmonary artery revealed pulmonary artery hypertension in all patients.Conclusion: The concealed pulmonary artery might be found, and stenting of the closed DA to it might be performed to improve the diameter of the diminutive pulmonary artery. This procedure may allow TOF total surgical correction with two pulmonary arteries. Besides, pulmonary vein angiography can reveal the hidden pulmonary artery.

scholarly journals Hidden Pulmonary Arteries in Tetralogy of Fallot and Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Patients Operated with a Pulmonary Artery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Edraki ◽  
Bahram Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Kambiz Keshavarz ◽  
Ahmadali Amirghofran ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Right Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Cardiac Disorders

Abstract Introduction: The absence of a pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly that occurs on its own or with some congenital cardiac disorders, particularly tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), while the hidden pulmonary artery might originate from a closed ductus arteriosus (DA) that can be stented to reach the artery.Material and methods: This prospective study describes cardiac catheterization of our nine TOF patients who had the absence of the left pulmonary artery before the operation. The patients were stratified in three groups: group one, whose closed DA were found and stented successfully to the hidden pulmonary artery; group two, whose hidden pulmonary arteries were found via the pulmonary vein angiography; and group three, for whom we could not find the remnant of the DA, or our attempt to stent the DA to the hidden pulmonary artery was not successful.We also evaluated outcomes of the other surgically-corrected TOF patients who were operated with the absent left pulmonary artery.Results: The first group included patients aged 1, 24, and 30 months, whose CT angiography 6-9 months after stenting showed acceptable left pulmonary artery diameter for surgically correction, while the pulmonary vein angiography of the group two patients showed a hidden left pulmonary artery with a suitable diameter for surgical correction.However, we were unable to find or stent the DA of the group three patients, aged 12, 38, 60, and 63 months. Moreover, evaluation of the other six previously corrected patients who were operated with a right pulmonary artery revealed pulmonary artery hypertension of the entire patients.Conclusion: The concealed pulmonary artery might be found, and stenting of the closed DA to it might be performed to improve the diameter of the diminutive pulmonary artery. This procedure may allow TOF total surgical correction with two pulmonary arteries. Besides, pulmonary vein angiography can reveal the hidden pulmonary artery.

scholarly journals Existence of Hidden Pulmonary Arteries in Tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary artery hypertension in patients Operated with one Pulmonary Artery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Edraki ◽  
Bahram Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Kambiz Keshavarz ◽  
Ahmadali Amirghofran ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Right Pulmonary Artery ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction:The absence of a pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly that occurs isolated or with other congenital cardiac disorders, particularly tetralogy of Fallot (TOF); meanwhile, a hidden pulmonary artery might exist and originate from a closed ductus arteriosus (DA), which can be stented to reach the artery.Material and methods: This prospective study describes cardiac catheterization of nine TOF patients diagnosed with the absence of the left pulmonary artery before the operation. The patients were stratified into three groups: group one, whose closed DA was found and connected to the hidden pulmonary artery with a stent; group two, whose hidden pulmonary arteries were found via the pulmonary vein angiography; and group three, for whom we could not find the remnant of the DA, or our attempt to stent the DA to the hidden pulmonary artery was not successful.We also evaluated outcomes of six other surgically-corrected TOF patients who were operated with the absent left pulmonary artery.Results: The first group included the patients aged 1, 24, and 30 months, whose CT angiography 6-9 months after stenting showed acceptable left pulmonary artery diameter for surgical correction, and the pulmonary vein angiography of the second group showed a hidden left pulmonary artery with a suitable diameter for surgical correction.However, we were unable to find or stent the DA of group three patients, aged 12, 38, 60, and 63 months. Earlier Angiography might have increased the chance of access to the hidden vessel. Apart from these three groups, follow-ups of six other patients previously corrected with only the right pulmonary artery revealed pulmonary artery hypertension in all patients.Conclusion: The concealed pulmonary artery might be found, and stenting of the closed DA to it might be performed to improve the diameter of the diminutive pulmonary artery. This procedure may allow TOF total surgical correction with two pulmonary arteries. Besides, pulmonary vein angiography can reveal the hidden pulmonary artery.

scholarly journals Hidden Pulmonary Arteries in Tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary artery pressure in patients Operated with a Pulmonary Artery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Edraki ◽  
Bahram Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Kambiz Keshavarz ◽  
Ahmadali Amirghofran ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Right Pulmonary Artery ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction: The absence of a pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly that occurs isolated or with other congenital cardiac disorders, particularly tetralogy of Fallot (TOF); meanwhile, a hidden pulmonary artery might exist and originate from a closed ductus arteriosus (DA), which can be stented to reach the artery.Material and methods: This prospective study describes cardiac catheterization of nine TOF patients diagnosed with the absence of the left pulmonary artery before the operation. The patients were stratified into three groups: group one, whose closed DA was found and connected to the hidden pulmonary artery with a stent; group two, whose hidden pulmonary arteries were found via the pulmonary vein angiography; and group three, for whom we could not find the remnant of the DA, or our attempt to stent the DA to the hidden pulmonary artery was not successful.We also evaluated outcomes of six other surgically-corrected TOF patients who were operated with the absent left pulmonary artery.Results: The first group included the patients aged 1, 24, and 30 months, whose CT angiography 6-9 months after stenting showed acceptable left pulmonary artery diameter for surgical correction, and the pulmonary vein angiography of the second group showed a hidden left pulmonary artery with a suitable diameter for surgical correction.However, we were unable to find or stent the DA of group three patients, aged 12, 38, 60, and 63 months. Earlier Angiography might have increased the chance of access to the hidden vessel. Apart from these three groups, follow-ups of six other patients previously corrected with only the right pulmonary artery revealed pulmonary artery hypertension in all patients.Conclusion: The concealed pulmonary artery might be found, and stenting of the closed DA to it might be performed to improve the diameter of the diminutive pulmonary artery. This procedure may allow TOF total surgical correction with two pulmonary arteries. Besides, pulmonary vein angiography can reveal the hidden pulmonary artery.

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