scholarly journals Distribution and abundance of Least Bell’s Vireos (Vireo bellii pusillus) and Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii extimus) on the Middle San Luis Rey River, San Diego County, southern California—2021 Data summary

2022 ◽  
The Condor ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Kus

Abstract Recent analyses of the impact of cowbird parasitism on host productivity suggest that while parasitism reduces productivity on a per-nest basis, the ability of pairs to desert parasitized nests and renest allows them to achieve productivity comparable to that of unparasitized pairs. This has implications for the management of several endangered species that are highly vulnerable to parasitism and consequently the target of cowbird control programs. I calculated seasonal nesting effort (number of nests per pair) and productivity of 568 pairs of Least Bell's Vireos (Vireo bellii pusillus) monitored over 11 years at the San Luis Rey River in San Diego County, California (where cowbird trapping has reduced, but not eliminated, parasitism), assigning pairs to one of three groups: (1) deserters, (2) rescued (parasitized pairs with nests “rescued” from probable failure by the removal of cowbird eggs), and (3) unparasitized. Parasitized pairs attempted significantly more nests per season than did unparasitized pairs, with deserters producing more nests than rescued pairs. However, productivity of deserting pairs was significantly lower than that of both rescued and unparasitized pairs, largely because subsequent nests of deserting pairs were also parasitized. Seasonal productivity of rescued and unparasitized pairs was comparable, indicating that in this species, reduction of cowbird impacts through nest manipulation to remove cowbird eggs is effective. Desertion by Least Bell's Vireos does not appear to be an adequate natural defense against parasitism, suggesting the need for continued cowbird control while vireo populations are re-established. Consecuencias de la Deserción de Nidos sobre la Adecuación Biológica en un Hospedero Amenazado, Vireo bellii pusillus Resumen. Análisis recientes del impacto del parasitismo de Molothrus ater sobre la productividad de los hospederos sugieren que mientras el parasitismo reduce la productividad por nido, la habilidad de las parejas parasitadas de abandonar los nidos parasitados y de reanidar les permite obtener una productividad comparable a la de parejas no parasitadas. Esto tiene consecuencias para el manejo de especies amenazadas muy vulnerables al parasitismo, que son el foco de muchos programas de control de M. ater. Calculé el esfuerzo de anidación por temporada (número de nidos por pareja) y productividad de 568 parejas de Vireo bellii pusillus monitoreadas durante 11 años en el río San Luis Rey, San Diego, California (donde la captura de M. ater ha reducido pero no eliminado el parasitismo). Las parejas fueron asignadas a tres grupos: (1) desertoras, (2) rescatadas (parejas parasitadas “rescatadas” mediante la remoción de huevos de M. ater) y (3) no parasitadas. Las parejas parasitadas intentaron un número significativamente mayor de nidos por temporada que las no parasitadas, y las desertoras produjeron más nidos que las rescatados. Sin embargo, la productividad de las parejas desertoras fue significativamente menor que la de las parejas rescatadas o las no parasitadas, principalmente debido a que en los siguientes intentos de las parejas desertoras los nidos también fueron parasitados. La productividad por temporada fue similar entre las parejas rescatadas y las no parasitadas, indicando que la extracción de huevos de M. ater es una práctica efectiva que reduce el impacto del parasitismo. La deserción por parte de V. b. pusillus no parece ser una defensa natural adecuada contra el parasitismo, sugeriendo que debe continuarse el control de M. ater mientras se reestablece la población de V. b. pusillus.


2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Olivia Chilcote

This article analyzes the decision of the San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians, an unrecognized tribe from San Diego County, to petition for federal recognition through an investigation of the tribe's historical interactions with the non-Native world in colonial California. The San Luis Rey Band's pursuit of federal recognition through the Federal Acknowledgment Process is connected to a larger movement of unrecognized tribes across California to clarify their legal status, and in so doing to widen the possibilities for self-government and economic development and to secure their claims to traditional territories. Shifting the focus to coastal Southern California adds depth to our understanding of how colonization in California impacts contemporary struggles for federal recognition and draws attention to a tribal community's history and experience that is often overshadowed by those of other federally recognized tribes in the region.


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