This chapterexamines how the effects of film music on meaning, memory, and the construction of a reality within a film can be addressed or understood from a cognitive scientific perspective. It reviews studies that aim to explain why music is important to film as well as how music functions in film, and it discusses the principles of cognitive science and cognitive perspective. It also considers the Congruence-Associationist Model for understanding filmmusic, which was developed to account for the fact that the attitudes toward three geometric film characters were affected differently by background music.