scholarly journals Autoimmune Epithelitis and Chronic Inflammation in Sjögren’s Syndrome-Related Dry Eye Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11820
Author(s):  
Yoko Ogawa ◽  
Tsutomu Takeuchi ◽  
Kazuo Tsubota
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Lacrimal Glands ◽  
Meibomian Glands ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Autoimmune epithelitis and chronic inflammation are one of the characteristic features of the immune pathogenesis of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS)-related dry eye disease. Autoimmune epithelitis can cause the dysfunction of the excretion of tear fluid and mucin from the lacrimal glands and conjunctival epithelia and meibum from the meibomian glands. The lacrimal gland and conjunctival epithelia express major histocompatibility complex class II or human leukocyte antigen-DR and costimulatory molecules, acting as nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells for T cell and B cell activation in SS. Ocular surface epithelium dysfunction can lead to dry eye disease in SS. Considering the mechanisms underlying SS-related dry eye disease, this review highlights autoimmune epithelitis of the ocular surface, chronic inflammation, and several other molecules in the tear film, cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal glands, and meibomian glands that represent potential targets in the treatment of SS-related dry eye disease.

scholarly journals Corneal nerve structure in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangting Li ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Xin Ying ◽  
Jing He ◽  
Yuebo Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Primary Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Primary Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Primary Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Schirmer I Test ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo confocal microscopic morphology of corneal subbasal nerves and its relationship with clinical parameters in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome in China. Methods This was a case control study of 22 dry eye disease (DED) patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and 20 control subjects with non-Sjögren dry eye disease (NSDE). Each patient underwent an evaluation of ocular surface disease using the tear film break-up time (TBUT), noninvasive tear film break-up time (NIKBUT), noninvasive tear meniscus height (NIKTMH), corneal staining (National Eye Institute scale, NEI), Schirmer I test, meibography, and corneal subbasal nerve analysis with in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM). The right eye of each subject was included in this study. Results SS patients showed a shorter TBUT (P = 0.009) and Schirmer I test results (P = 0.028) than the NSDE group. However, there was no significant difference in NIKBUT between the two groups (P = 0.393). The nerve density of subbasal nerves, number of nerves and tortuosity of the SS group were significantly lower than those of the NSDE group (P = 0.001, P < 0.001 and P = 0.039, respectively). In the SS group, the mean nerve length was correlated with age and the Schirmer I test (r = − 0.519, P = 0.013 and r = 0.463, P = 0.035, respectively). Corneal staining was correlated with nerve density and the number of nerves (r = − 0.534, P = 0.013 and r = − 0.487, P = 0.025, respectively). Conclusions Sjögren syndrome dry eye (SSDE) patients have more severe clinical dry eye parameters than non-Sjögren dry eye disease (NSDE) patients. Compared with NSDE patients, we found that SSDE patients showed decreased corneal subbasal nerve density and numbers.

scholarly journals Dry eye disease associated with Primary Sjogren syndrome: An update

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-269
Author(s):  
Rajendra P Maurya ◽  
Vibha Singh ◽  
Ashish Gupta ◽  
Virendra P Singh ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Primary Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a chronic, multisystem autoimmune disorder, characterized by mononuclear infiltration of exocrine glands and other organs, resulting in dry eye, dry mouth and extra-glandular systemic findings. Primary Sjögren syndrome is of particular interest to ophthalmologists as it constitutes an important differential diagnosis in conditions with dry eye disease. The ocular tests are of great importance for diagnosis and monitoring of primary sjogren’s syndrome. Also a better understanding of immunological mechanisms and molecular pathways have resulted in discovery of new therapeutics for local and systemic treatment. This article illustrates an update regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis, investigative procedures and treatment options for dry eye related to Sjogren’s syndrome.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease in Connective Tissue Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jigish Desai
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Connective Tissue Disorders ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Aim: To assess prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) and its severity in patients of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Primary Sjogren’s syndrome in a tertiary care hospital in Gujarat. Methods: It is a Prospective cross-sectional study of 94 patients diagnosed with SLE and Sjogren’s syndrome. All patients underwent: 1. History taking 1. Visual acuity assessment using standard illuminated Snellen chart 2. Slit lamp examination with dry eye tests 3. Fundus examination The findings were recorded in the proforma and subsequent analysis was done using SSPS software. Results: DED prevalence was 51.1% overall, 42% among SLE and 66.66%in Primary Sjogren’s syndrome. Severity of DED was noted to be more in Primary sjogren’swith 33.33% having severe DED. Conclusion: DED overall prevalence in connective tissue disorders is significant, highest being in Sjogren’s. The findings highlight the severity of DED in rheumatoid arthritisgreater to when compared with other connective tissue disorders. Awareness and earlydetection of dry eye disease is of paramount to initiate appropriate treatment and reducevisual morbidity.

scholarly journals Customary practices in the monitoring of dry eye disease in Sjogren's syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Acs ◽  
Barbara Caffery ◽  
Melissa Barnett ◽  
Charles Edmonds ◽  
Larisa Johnson-Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Customary Practices ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

scholarly journals Ocular Surface Disease in Sjögren's Syndrome: Management in a Scleral Lens Clinical Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e12-e22
Author(s):  
Daddi Fadel ◽  
Melissa Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Autologous Serum ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Sjögren’s syndrome is a chronic, autoimmune, systemic disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and malfunction of the exocrine glands, primarily the lacrimal and salivary glands, resulting in predominant symptoms of dry eye and dry mouth. Sjögren’s syndrome is a highly prevalent condition and is one of the most common systemic, rheumatic, autoimmune diseases, affecting up to 1.4% of adults in the United States, second only to rheumatoid arthritis in its prevalence in North America. Primary Sjögren’s syndrome has shown to affect patients’ health-related quality-of-life due to dryness, chronic pain, depression, anxiety,physical and mental fatigue, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Scleral lenses (SLs) have shown to be significantly beneficial in relieving symptoms and improvingquality-of-life in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome and dry eye disease. SLs may be used concurrently with the other therapies including ocular lubricants, eyelid hygiene, punctal occlusion, topical prescription medications, and autologous serum. This manuscript reviews the implication of Sjögren’s syndrome on the ocular surface and quality-of-life and describes how SLs, in combination with other treatments, may be beneficial.

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