Retinal Vascularization Analysis on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography before and after Intraretinal or Subretinal Fluid Resorption in Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Pilot Study

The aim was to analyze the variations in macular vascularization on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) according to the presence of intraretinal fluid (IRF) induced by exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We included exudative AMD patients with IRF and/or subretinal fluid (SRF) and age-matched control eyes. All patients underwent a macular 6 × 6 mm swept-source OCTA. The mean perfusion density (MPD) and mean vascular density (MVD) were calculated in the superficial (SCP) and the deep (DCP) capillary plexus at two timepoints: during an episode of exudation (T0) and after its total resorption (T1). A total of 22 eyes in the IRF ± SRF group, 11 eyes in the SRF group and 11 eyes in the healthy group were analyzed. At T0, the IRF ± SRF group showed significantly lower MPD and MVD than healthy eyes in the SCP (p < 0.001) and DCP (p < 0.001). At T1, MPD and MVD significantly increased from T0 in the SCP (p = 0.027 and p = 0.0093) and DCP (p = 0.013 and p = 0.046) but remained statistically lower than in the healthy eyes. For the SRF group, only the DCP showed significantly lower MPD (p = 0.012) and MVD (p = 0.046) in comparison to the healthy eyes at T0. The present study shows that retinal vascular changes do occur in the case of exudative AMD.

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The Spectrum of Central Choriocapillaris Abnormalities on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in the Fellow Eye of Unilateral Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients: From Flow Deficits to Subclinical Non-Exudative Neovascularization

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10122658 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2658

Author(s):

Alexis Khorrami Kashi ◽

Eric Souied ◽

Selim Fares ◽

Enrico Borrelli ◽

Vittorio Capuano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Swept Source ◽

Exudative Amd ◽

Age Related ◽

Fellow Eyes

We evaluated the spectrum of choriocapillaris (CC) abnormalities in the fellow eyes of unilateral exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). Fellow eyes of unilateral exudative AMD patients were prospectively included between May 2018 and October 2018. Patients underwent a multimodal imaging including a SS-OCTA. Demographics and clinical findings were analyzed. The estimated prevalence of macular neovascularization (MNV) was computed. Number and size of flow deficits (FDs) and percentage of flow deficits (FD%) were computed on the compensated CC flow images with the Fiji software. We included 97 eyes of 97 patients (mean age was 80 ± 7.66 years, 39 males, 58 females). The prevalence of MNV in the studied eyes was 8.25% (8/97 eyes). In the 89 non-neovascular eyes, FD% averaged 45.84% ± 11.63%, with a corresponding total area of FDs of 4.19 ± 1.12 mm2. There was a higher prevalence of drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment in eyes with subclinical neovascularization (p = 0.021). Fellow eyes with unilateral exudative AMD encompassed a series of CC abnormalities, from FDs of the aging CC to subclinical non-exudative MNV.

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