scholarly journals Modern Surfboards and Their Structural Characterization: Towards an Engineering Approach

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Luca Oggiano ◽  
Marc in het Panhuis
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Hydrodynamic Properties ◽  
Longitudinal Stiffness ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Stiffness And Damping ◽  
Aided Design

Recently, manufactures who produce surfboards using computer aided design and robotic (CNC) shaping tools have gained a larger share of the surfing market, allowing board producers and shapers to produce lighter and more durable boards. The improvement in design and production process of surfboards has been directly linked with the adaption of technologies tested and validated in other industries. However, the surfing industry still lacks methodologies, standards and testing facilities to scientifically investigate and quantify the structural and hydrodynamic properties of surfboards. It is widely accepted that distributed rigidity, damping and stiffness in the three directions play a huge role in defining surfboard performance. These properties are rarely stated by producers and never measured. The present paper compares two boards with equal outline and geometric shape but built with two different technologies: one board built with a traditional high density polyurethane (PU) blank, polyester resin and a stringer to improve longitudinal stiffness and one board built with bio epoxy resin, expanded polystyrene (EPS) and two side inserts made of cork to improve longitudinal stiffness and damping. Different tests were carried out to compare the two boards and a testing methodology with the aim to evaluate board structural properties and identify key parameters that will influence the board performances. Accelerometers were used to characterize stiffness and damping while a custom-made flex machine was used to evaluate the torsional stiffness. Differences between the two boards are highlighted, leading to the fact that the two boards, even being identical in size, will behave differently in different wave conditions and for different surfers.

COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A CUSTOM ARTICULATED ANKLE FOOT ORTHOSIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550058 ◽  
Author(s):  
MORSHED ALAM ◽  
IMTIAZ AHMED CHOUDHURY ◽  
AZUDDIN BIN MAMAT ◽  
SAJJAD HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
External Model ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Traditional design and manufacturing methods of ankle foot orthosis (AFO) involve manual techniques e.g., casting and molding of the limbs and often depend on trial and error. Three-dimensional scanning allows computer aided design (CAD) tools to be incorporated, however, both approaches rely on the external model of the limb. To design AFO with articulated joint, precise alignment of mechanical and anatomical joint axes is imperative. It is difficult to infer joint axis from external model as it is partially specified by the skeletal structure. In this article, a computer integrated design approach of an articulated AFO has been demonstrated. CAD model of the AFO was developed for a healthy subject's left leg based on the 3D models of skeleton and soft tissue of the limb. Components of the AFO were fabricated by rapid prototyping and CNC machining. The design approach is faster than the traditional techniques and also facilitates exact positioning of articulated ankle joint. The gait analysis indicates that the subject's ankle had to overcome lesser resistance with the custom made AFO compared to a pre-fabricated AFO. Simultaneous viewing of exterior and skeletal geometry might help the clinicians modify the design to enhance performance of the orthotic.

scholarly journals Maxillary Ridge Augmentation with Custom-Made CAD/CAM Scaffolds. A 1-Year Prospective Study on 10 Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Mangano ◽  
Aldo Macchi ◽  
Jamil Awad Shibli ◽  
Giuseppe Luongo ◽  
Giovanna Iezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Porous Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design

Several procedures have been proposed to achieve maxillary ridge augmentation. These require bone replacement materials to be manually cut, shaped, and formed at the time of implantation, resulting in an expensive and time-consuming process. In the present study, we describe a technique for the design and fabrication of custom-made scaffolds for maxillary ridge augmentation, using three-dimensional computerized tomography (3D CT) and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM). CT images of the atrophic maxillary ridge of 10 patients were acquired and modified into 3D reconstruction models. These models were transferred as stereolithographic files to a CAD program, where a virtual 3D reconstruction of the alveolar ridge was generated, producing anatomically shaped, custom-made scaffolds. CAM software generated a set of tool-paths for manufacture by a computer-numerical-control milling machine into the exact shape of the reconstruction, starting from porous hydroxyapatite blocks. The custom-made scaffolds were of satisfactory size, shape, and appearance; they matched the defect area, suited the surgeon's requirements, and were easily implanted during surgery. This helped reduce the time for surgery and contributed to the good healing of the defects.

scholarly journals Mandibular Reconstruction Using a Custom-Made Titanium Prosthesis: A Case Report on the Use of Virtual Surgical Planning and Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ow ◽  
Winston Tan ◽  
Lukasz Pienkowski
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Computer Aided Manufacturing ◽  
Virtual Surgical Planning ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Mandibular Defect ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Continuity Defects

The use of virtual surgical planning and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing has been reported to enhance the planning for the reconstruction of mandibular continuity defects. This case report illustrates the use of this technology in the fabrication of a custom-made titanium prosthesis to restore a segmental mandibular defect. The design specifications and sequence of the custom-made titanium prosthesis are discussed. Although successful in this case, there are limitations in its application and case selection is of vital importance.

Combined Surgical Therapy and Orthotic Management of Stress and Tuberosity Avulsion Fracture of the Fifth Metatarsal Bone

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikica Darabos ◽  
Karlo Obrovac ◽  
Nikica Knez ◽  
Anela Darabos ◽  
Damir Hudetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Orthotic Devices ◽  
Quick Recovery ◽  
Usual Procedure ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Foot Problems ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Foot Orthotic ◽  
Sports Activities

The incidence of fifth metatarsal fracture is somewhat common in sports and can be complicated in nature. Fractures of the fifth metatarsal can occur at a number of locations. Although some of these fractures respond well to conservative treatment, others have been notoriously hard to heal, with high rates of nonunions and other complications. Foot orthotic devices are commonly used as aids in the treatment of foot problems. In our case, we considered the combined effect of the surgical treatment and application of the custom-made foot orthoses. Special attention was taken with adjustments to the orthotic devices along and beneath the affected regions of the foot for adequate pain management and quick recovery to return to normal sports activities. Requirements for computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing orthotic design and manufacturing in this case were specific and considerably different from the usual procedure. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 99(6): 529–535, 2009)

scholarly journals A Case of an Extensive Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor in the Mandible Reconstructed with a Custom-Made Total Joint Prosthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Payam Farzad
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Odontogenic Tumor ◽  
Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor ◽  
Reconstruction Plate ◽  
Surgical Time ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Continuity Defects

The use of virtual surgical planning and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing has previously been reported to enhance the planning for the reconstruction of mandibular continuity defects and to reduce surgical time. Reported is a case of a large keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT) affecting right hemimandible including the condylar neck. This case was initially reconstructed with a condyle-bearing reconstruction plate, but because of fatigue fracture 15 years later, a new reconstruction with a custom-made total joint temporomandibular prosthesis was performed.

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