scholarly journals Pattern and predictability of potential wind assistance for waders and geese migrating from West Africa and the Wadden Sea to Siberia

Ornis Svecica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theunis Piersma ◽  
Sjon Van de Sant
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
African Coast ◽  
Banc D’Arguin ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Banc D'arguin

We have analysed published wind data from the period 1979–1991 to evaluate to what extent migrating waders and geese might benefit from tailwind assistance when flying at altitudes ranging from ground level up to 5.5 km from West Africa (Banc d’Arguin, Mauritania) to the Wadden Sea (Netherlands, Germany and Denmark) in late April and early May, and from the Wadden Sea to Taymyr Peninsula (central Siberia) in late May and early June. Between West Africa and the Wadden Sea it is usually advantageous to fly high, with an average tailwind of 15 km/h (mean of yearly averages) for those birds flying along the optimal height track. There were large differences between years though, with 36 km/h tailwind (1983) and 2 km/h headwind (1991) as extreme values. The best altitudes for migration were higher along the northwest African coast than over Europe. There was no evidence for consistent seasonal changes in wind favourability, but “bad” years were consistently bad over the whole season. Between the Wadden Sea and the Taymyr Peninsula wind conditions were better still than for the Banc d’Arguin-to-Wadden Sea journey (long term average for flights along optimal height track is 21 km/h tailwind), with the favourable winds found at intermediate altitudes (1.5–3 km). The wind conditions were less variable between years along the Wadden Sea–Taymyr route. We discuss both the limitations of the current analyses and the scope for future work.

scholarly journals Long-term changes in seagrass and benthos at Banc d’Arguin, Mauritania, the premier intertidal system along the East Atlantic Flyway

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e01364
Author(s):  
El-Hacen M. El-Hacen ◽  
Mohamed A. Sidi Cheikh ◽  
Tjeerd J. Bouma ◽  
Han Olff ◽  
Theunis Piersma
Keyword(s):  
East Atlantic ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Atlantic Flyway ◽  
Banc D’Arguin ◽  
East Atlantic Flyway ◽  
Banc D'arguin

scholarly journals Seasonal changes in mollusc abundance in a tropical intertidal ecosystem, Banc d'Arguin (Mauritania): Testing the ‘depletion by shorebirds’ hypothesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Vall Ahmedou Salem ◽  
Matthijs van der Geest ◽  
Theunis Piersma ◽  
Younès Saoud ◽  
Jan A. van Gils
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Intertidal Ecosystem ◽  
Banc D’Arguin ◽  
Banc D'arguin

Fouille de la butte de FA 10 (Banc d'Arguin) et son apport à la connaissance de la culture épipaléolithique de Foum Arguin, nord-ouest du Sahara

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Vernet ◽  
Marcel Ott ◽  
Liliane Tarrou ◽  
Annabelle Gallin ◽  
Jade Géoris-Creuseveau
Keyword(s):  
Banc D’Arguin ◽  
Banc D'arguin

The effects of long-term vigorous endurance exercise on the coronary arteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disease Phenotype ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Summary Data

Moderate endurance training is known to improve cardiovascular risk factors, and prolongs life expectancy. On the other hand, there has been some discussion whether “too much” exercise might have a contrarious effect by accelerating coronary atherosclerosis. The goal of this review was to evaluate the current literature on the effects of long-term vigorous endurance training on the coronary vasculature. In summary, data point to an increased calcium score, and a higher burden of atherosclerotic plaque in male athletes compared to sedentary controls. However, the plaques found in athletes were more prone to be calcified. The pathogenesis and clinical relevance of this athlete coronary artery disease phenotype remains incompletely understood and represents an area of important future work.

The effects of long-term vigorous endurance exercise on the coronary arteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disease Phenotype ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Summary Data

Moderate endurance training is known to improve cardiovascular risk factors, and prolongs life expectancy. On the other hand, there has been some discussion whether “too much” exercise might have a contrarious effect by accelerating coronary atherosclerosis. The goal of this review was to evaluate the current literature on the effects of long-term vigorous endurance training on the coronary vasculature. In summary, data point to an increased calcium score, and a higher burden of atherosclerotic plaque in male athletes compared to sedentary controls. However, the plaques found in athletes were more prone to be calcified. The pathogenesis and clinical relevance of this athlete coronary artery disease phenotype remains incompletely understood and represents an area of important future work.

Slave Traders by Invitation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn Fuglestad
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Local Setting ◽  
Slave Traders ◽  
Atlantic Slave Trade

The small Slave Coast between the river Volta and Lagos, and especially its central part around Ouidah, was the epicentre of the slave trade in West Africa. But it was also an inhospitable, surf-ridden coastline, subject to crashing breakers and devoid of permanent human settlement. Nor was it easily accessible from the interior due to a lagoon which ran parallel to the coast. The local inhabitants were not only sheltered against incursions from the sea, but were also locked off from it. Yet, paradoxically, this small coastline witnessed a thriving long-term commercial relationship between Europeans and Africans, based on the trans-Atlantic slave trade. How did it come about? How was it all organized? Dahomey is usually cited as the Slave Coast's archetypical slave raiding and slave trading polity. An originally inland realm, it was a latecomer to the slave trade, and simply incorporated a pre-existing system by dint of military prowess, which ultimately was to prove radically counterproductive. Dahomey, which never controlled more than half of the region we call the Slave Coast, represented an anomaly in the local setting, an anomaly the author seeks to define and to explain.

Positive Emotion in Generalized Anxiety Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 297-311
Author(s):  
Ilana Seager ◽  
Douglas S. Mennin ◽  
Amelia Aldao
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Dysfunction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Work

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a debilitating condition characterized by excessive, pervasive, uncontrollable, and paralyzing worries about a wide range of future situations. Individuals with this condition frequently find themselves stuck in worry and tension cycles in futile attempts at reducing uncertainty and increasing control. GAD has been associated with substantial impairments in functioning and reduced quality of life. GAD remains poorly understood, and the long-term efficacy and end-state functioning resulting from treatment are weaker compared to other anxiety disorders. Some treatments (e.g., emotion regulation therapy, acceptance-based behavioral therapy) have improved efficacy, partly by targeting emotional dysfunction. Basic psychopathology research has focused on identifying the role of negative affect in GAD, so little is known about how positive affect is experienced and regulated in this disorder. This is particularly important in light of the overlap of this condition with major depressive disorder, which is characterized by low or suppressed positive emotion. Developing such an understanding is essential to further improve the efficacy of emotion-based treatments. This chapter reviews current and future directions in the study of positive affect in GAD. The chapter reviews the nascent research on positive affect and GAD, then illustrates dimensions of future work.

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