scholarly journals Septal lesions enhance delay of responding on a free operant avoidance schedule

1969 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Morgan ◽  
James C. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Schedule ◽  
Free Operant Avoidance ◽  
Operant Avoidance ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Septal Lesions

Response Specification and Acquisition of Free Operant Avoidance Behavior

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry M. B. Hurwitz ◽  
William Bounds
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Avoidance Schedule ◽  
Free Operant Avoidance ◽  
Operant Avoidance ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Rate Of Response

In Exp. 1, 2 groups of rats were trained under a free operant avoidance schedule. The response was a press on a lever for Group BP (18 subjects) and a release of the lever for Group EP (22 subjects). Neither the rate of response nor the frequency of shock discriminated between the two groups, but there was a slight difference in the lever-holding time. In Exp. 2, 3 subjects were trained for 35 2-hr. sessions. In addition to the measures used in Exp. 1, a measure of avoidance proficiency (AVPRO) was employed. It was shown that (1) substantial improvement in avoidance developed late in training; (2) that AVPRO was correlated with changes in lever-holding behavior and was poorly related to the rate of response.

The effect of septal lesions in rats on performance of a free-operant avoidance task

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence D. Middaugh ◽  
Harry M.B. Hurwitz ◽  
T.M. Knapp ◽  
Walter Huchinson
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Free Operant Avoidance ◽  
Operant Avoidance ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Septal Lesions

Stability of Behavior in Rats over 120 Free-Operant Avoidance Sessions

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 927-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert E. Roberts ◽  
John W. Porter ◽  
Ann G. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Schedule ◽  
Free Operant Avoidance ◽  
Operant Avoidance ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Response Measures

Two rats received 120 2-hr. sessions under a free-operant avoidance schedule. The results indicated that avoidance improved, rapidly and then gradually, over sessions to asymptote. Asymptotic levels were then maintained over the remainder of the experiment. In addition, response measures showed more between-session variability than shock measures.

Positive Conditioned Reinforcement via Free-Operant Avoidance: An Extinction Test

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 951-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Burnstein
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Reinforcement ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Extinction Test ◽  
Avoidance Schedule ◽  
Free Operant Avoidance ◽  
Extinction Period ◽  
Reinforcing Effect ◽  
Operant Avoidance ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Avoidance Extinction

5 rats were trained on a free-operant avoidance schedule R-S = 20 min., S-S = 5 min., 3 with a response-produced stimulus and 2 without. As tested by avoidance extinction (shock removal) the response-produced stimulus had no conditioned reinforcing properties in those Ss trained without this response-produced stimulus. Ss trained with the response-produced stimulus did not show negatively accelerated response rates in the first extinction period when this stimulus was delivered. This conditioned reinforcing effect was of short durability.

Some Factors That Influence Acquisition of Free-Operant Avoidance Behavior

1966 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Discriminative Stimulus ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Escape Behavior ◽  
Avoidance Schedule ◽  
Free Operant Avoidance ◽  
Operant Avoidance ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Series Of Experiments

In a series of experiments it was found that rats learn to respond on a free-operant avoidance schedule with no external discriminative stimulus somewhat more effectively when trained (1) with a shorter S∗S interval, (2) with an escape contingency, (3) with a 1-sec. as opposed to a 0.2-sec. shock, and (4) when levers are presented before the first two shocks rather than after them. In interpreting these results, the importance of pseudo-escape behavior is stressed in addition to mechanisms proposed by Sidman and by Anger.

Avoidance-Trained Rats Do Not “Anticipate” Periodically Scheduled Free Shock

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 643-648
Author(s):  
Albert E. Roberts ◽  
Catherine R. Collier
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Avoidance Schedule ◽  
Free Operant Avoidance ◽  
Operant Avoidance ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
The Us ◽  
Free Shock

Four rats, trained under a free-operant avoidance schedule, received a response-independent shock (US) every 6 min. Signalled and unsignalled US conditions were given in separate blocks of sessions. Response rate was elevated temporarily following the delivery of the US but was relatively stable over the remainder of the 6-min. period, i.e., unchanged between USs. Only when a signal (CS) preceded US did avoidance change during the US cycle. For two subjects initially given CS-US, impaired avoidance developed during the CS. For the two subjects initially given unsignalled US, inserting the CS led to enhanced avoidance during the CS periods.

Chronic free operant avoidance as a psychological stress: A re-evaluation.

1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray D. Levine ◽  
Thomas P. Gordon ◽  
William J. Johnson ◽  
Robert M. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Free Operant Avoidance ◽  
Operant Avoidance ◽  
Free Operant
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