Sound Localization in Toddlers with Normal Hearing and with Bilateral Cochlear Implants Revealed Through a Novel 'Reaching for Sound' Task

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica E. Bennett ◽  
Ruth Y. Litovsky
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants

scholarly journals Sound Localization in Toddlers with Normal Hearing and with Bilateral Cochlear Implants Revealed Through a Novel “Reaching for Sound” Task

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 195-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica E. Bennett ◽  
Ruth Y. Litovsky
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Spatial Hearing ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Sound Location ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants ◽  
Single Implant ◽  
Hearing Abilities

AbstractSpatial hearing abilities in children with bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs) are typically improved when two implants are used compared with a single implant. However, even with BiCIs, spatial hearing is still worse compared to normal-hearing (NH) age-matched children. Here, we focused on children who were younger than three years, hence in their toddler years. Prior research with this age focused on measuring discrimination of sounds from the right versus left.This study measured both discrimination and sound location identification in a nine-alternative forced-choice paradigm using the “reaching for sound” method, whereby children reached for sounding objects as a means of capturing their spatial hearing abilities.Discrimination was measured with sounds randomly presented to the left versus right, and loudspeakers at fixed angles ranging from ±60° to ±15°. On a separate task, sound location identification was measured for locations ranging from ±60° in 15° increments.Thirteen children with BiCIs (27–42 months old) and fifteen age-matched (NH).Discrimination and sound localization were completed for all subjects. For the left–right discrimination task, participants were required to reach a criterion of 4/5 correct trials (80%) at each angular separation prior to beginning the localization task. For sound localization, data was analyzed in two ways. First, percent correct scores were tallied for each participant. Second, for each participant, the root-mean-square-error was calculated to determine the average distance between the response and stimulus, indicative of localization accuracy.All BiCI users were able to discriminate left versus right at angles as small as ±15° when listening with two implants; however, performance was significantly worse when listening with a single implant. All NH toddlers also had >80% correct at ±15°. Sound localization results revealed root-mean-square errors averaging 11.15° in NH toddlers. Children in the BiCI group were generally unable to identify source location on this complex task (average error 37.03°).Although some toddlers with BiCIs are able to localize sound in a manner consistent with NH toddlers, for the majority of toddlers with BiCIs, sound localization abilities are still emerging.

Combined Effects of Noise and Reverberation on Sound Localization for Listeners With Normal Hearing and Bilateral Cochlear Implants

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-530
Author(s):  
Yunfang Zheng ◽  
Janet Koehnke ◽  
Joan Besing
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Noise Source ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Localization Test ◽  
The Individual

Purpose This study examined the individual and combined effects of noise and reverberation on the ability of listeners with normal hearing (NH) and with bilateral cochlear implants (BCIs) to localize speech. Method Six adults with BCIs and 10 with NH participated. All subjects completed a virtual localization test in quiet and at 0-, −4-, and −8-dB signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) in simulated anechoic and reverberant (0.2-, 0.6-, and 0.9-s RT 60 ) environments. BCI users were also tested at +8- and +4-dB SNR. A 3-word phrase was presented at 70 dB SPL from 9 simulated locations in the frontal horizontal plane (±90°), with the noise source at 0°. Results BCIs users had significantly poorer localization than listeners with NH in all conditions. BCI users' performance started to decrease at a higher SNR (+4 dB) and shorter RT 60 (0.2 s) than listeners with NH (−4 dB and 0.6 s). The combination of noise and reverberation began to degrade localization of BCI users at a higher SNR and a shorter RT 60 than listeners with NH. Conclusion The clear effect of noise and reverberation on the performance of BCI users provides information that should be useful for refining cochlear implant processing strategies and developing cochlear implant rehabilitation plans to optimize binaural benefit for BCI users in everyday listening situations.

Sound Localization Ability of Young Children With Bilateral Cochlear Implants

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Willem Beijen ◽  
Ad F. M. Snik ◽  
Emmanuel A. M. Mylanus
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants ◽  
Localization Ability

scholarly journals Spatial Release From Masking in 2-Year-Olds With Normal Hearing and With Bilateral Cochlear Implants

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 233121651877556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christi L. Hess ◽  
Sara M. Misurelli ◽  
Ruth Y. Litovsky
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants ◽  
Spatial Release ◽  
Release From Masking

Speech Perception and Sound Localization by Adults with Bilateral Cochlear Implants

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (01) ◽  
pp. 073-089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dorman ◽  
William Yost ◽  
Blake Wilson ◽  
Rene Gifford
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants

Horizontal Sound Localization in Children With Bilateral Cochlear Implants

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Asp ◽  
Gunnar Eskilsson ◽  
Erik Berninger
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants

Earlier Intervention Leads to Better Sound Localization in Children with Bilateral Cochlear Implants

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieselot Van Deun ◽  
Astrid van Wieringen ◽  
Fanny Scherf ◽  
Naïma Deggouj ◽  
Christian Desloovere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants

Source segregation in noisy environments by children with normal hearing and bilateral cochlear implants.

2010 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 2425-2425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Litovsky ◽  
Sara Misurelli ◽  
Shelly Godar
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Noisy Environments ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants ◽  
Source Segregation

scholarly journals Auditory motion tracking ability of adults with normal hearing and with bilateral cochlear implants

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 2498-2511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keng Moua ◽  
Alan Kan ◽  
Heath G. Jones ◽  
Sara M. Misurelli ◽  
Ruth Y. Litovsky
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Auditory Motion ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants ◽  
Tracking Ability
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