Direct Somatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seed Production from Tylophora indica (Burm.f.) Merrill an Endangered, Medicinally Important Plant

Our aim was to establish an efficient and reproducible system for producing synthetic seeds from recurrent somatic embryogenesis in long-term cultures of Gentiana lutea L. This species is a vulnerable medicinal plant, protected both at the national and international levels, and is included in different Red Lists and Books. In vitro culture, as an alternative to classical methods of preservation, allows for the cyclic multiplication of plant material and short-, medium- and long-term preservation of tissue collections. Biotechnological approaches allow for maintenance of the plant material in a confined space and protection against biotic and abiotic factors. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is the most efficient way to regenerate plants, ensuring material for preservation and fundamental research. In our experiment, recurrent somatic embryogenesis was developed in long-term cultures in the presence of sugar alcohols (mannitol, sorbitol) and in the absence of growth factors. This process proceeded at a high rate, with adventive somatic embryos being generated in a continuous process, followed by maturation, germination and development into plants. To follow the somatic embryogenesis process, histological samples were made. We used these embryogenic cultures for synthetic seed production and medium-term conservation. The viability of somatic embryos after moderate osmotic stress treatment was tested using TTC. Our methodology relied on the induction of somatic embryogenesis in the presence of auxins in the first cycle of in vitro cultures, long-term high embryogenic culture maintenance in the presence of sugar alcohols and synthetic seed production.

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Note on somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed production in Angelica glauca: A valuable medicinal plant of Himalaya

Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ◽

10.5897/jmpr2014.5326 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 419-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kumar Bisht Anil ◽

Bhatt Arvind ◽

Dhar U.

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Seed Production ◽

Synthetic Seed ◽

Angelica Glauca

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In vitro propagation and conservation of Indian sarsaparilla, Hemidesmus indicus L. R. Br. through somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed production

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum ◽

10.1007/s11738-012-1117-5 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 771-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Meena K. Cheruvathur ◽

Nezia Najeeb ◽

T. Dennis Thomas

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Seed Production ◽

In Vitro Propagation ◽

Synthetic Seed ◽

Hemidesmus Indicus

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High frequency somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed production of the endangered species Swertia chirayita

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-013-0305-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Vijay Kumar ◽

Sheela Chandra

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Seed Production ◽

Somatic Embryos ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Synthetic Seeds ◽

Synthetic Seed ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Embryogenic Calli ◽

Swertia Chirayita

AbstractAn efficient protocol for plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis was established from in vivo leaf explants of Swertia chirayita, a critically endangered medicinal herb. The highest frequency (76%) of embryogenic callus was induced on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg/L kinetin (Kn) from in vivo leaf explants. Globular somatic embryos were induced and further matured from such embryogenic calli by subsequent culture on the same medium. The highest number of somatic embryos (48.83 ± 4.6) was recovered from embryogenic calli derived from leaf explants after 6 weeks of culture. Synthetic seeds were produced by encapsulating of torpedo stage embryos in sodium alginate (4% W/V) gel, dropped into 100 mM calcium chloride (CaCl2 · 2H2O) solution. The synthetic seeds were germinated on MS medium. The highest frequency of synthetic seed germination (84%) was observed on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA. Regenerants were successfully acclimatized under ex vitro condition. This is the first report on synthetic seed production of S. chirayita. Application of these protocols would be helpful in reducing stress in natural habitat, and in long-term storage of elite genotypes through synthetic seed production.

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