NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF VIRUSES OF THE CABBAGE LOOPER IN FIELD PLOTS

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Cabbage Looper ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Granulosis Virus ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Cruciferous Plants ◽  
Field Plots

AbstractStudies on non-treated plots at Harrow, Ontario, in 1967 and 1968 and at Kentville, Nova Scotia, from 1963 to 1968 inclusive showed that residues of viruses of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), found in soil were related qualitatively and quantitatively to the virus residues on leaves of cruciferous plants grown in the plots and to mortality by viruses in the host populations. At Harrow where the cabbage looper is common and where virus diseases occur naturally in field populations, the viruses that occurred in the populations of the host built up in soil as the season progressed. At Kentville where the host is rare, virus was rarely found in soil or on foliage. The typical nuclear-polyhedrosis virus, an atypical nuclear-polyhedrosis virus that formed abnormally large polyhedra, and a granulosis virus were found at Harrow, with the typical nuclear-polyhedrosis virus predominating. Only the typical nuclear-polyhedrosis virus was detected at Kentville.

TESTS ON MICROBIAL AND CHEMICAL INSECTICIDES FOR CONTROL OF TRICHOPLUSIA NI (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) AND PIERIS RAPAE (LEPIDOPTERA: PIERIDAE) ON CABBAGE

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Pieris Rapae ◽  
Cabbage Looper ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Granulosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Respective Host

AbstractThe control of larvae of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni, and the imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae, by viruses, bacteria, and chemical insecticides was compared. In small field plots five applications of the nuclear-polyhedrosis virus of T. ni (1.8 × 1011 polyhedra/acre) and the granulosis virus of P. rapae (4 ×1011 granules/acre) controlled the respective host larvae as well as five applications of the chemical insecticide methomyl (0.5 to 1 lb/acre). Dipel HD-1 (0.25 lb/acre) and Thuricide HPC (60 fl. oz/acre), formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis, were as effective against T. ni larvae as methomyl but not as effective as Fundal (0.5 lb/acre) or Dipel at a higher rate (0.5 lb/acre). The control obtained by combinations of viruses with endosulfan or methomyl suggested an effective method of reducing use of chemical insecticides. Control of T. ni and P. rapae in plots up to 3 acres in area in growers’ fields demonstrated the effectiveness of the viruses when used as commercial insecticides.

THE PERSISTENCE OF A NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS IN THE HABITAT OF THE HOST INSECT, TRICHOPLUSIA NI: I. POLYHEDRA DEPOSITED ON FOLIAGE

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 785-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Cabbage Looper ◽  
Host Insect ◽  
Aqueous Suspensions ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

AbstractField, glasshouse, and laboratory tests showed that deposits of polyhedra of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), on foliage are practically non-infective after a 1-month exposure to weathering. Inactivation by sunlight appeared to be more important than removal by washing by rain in causing this loss of activity. The virus was readily inactivated by exposure to ultraviolet light. Virus exposed in aqueous suspensions of polyhedra or in wetted deposits was inactivated by shorter exposures than was virus in dry deposits of polyhedra.

THE PERSISTENCE OF A NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS IN THE HABITAT OF THE HOST INSECT, TRICHOPLUSIA NI II.: POLYHEDRA IN SOIL

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 820-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Cabbage Looper ◽  
Infective Virus ◽  
Viral Activity ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Cruciferous Plants

AbstractThe viral activity of soil treated with polyhedra of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), was determined at intervals by bioassay. Soil in plots treated in 1961 at a rate of 6.4 × 1010 polyhedra per square meter of surface contained about 25% of the original infective virus more than 5 years after treatment. A similar rate of decline in viral activity occurred in plots treated with polyhedra in 1963. Viral activity of soil retained under artificial conditions decreased more rapidly.Field and laboratory tests showed that foliage of cruciferous plants grown in soil treated with polyhedra was contaminated with the virus, probably largely by virus-laden soil being splashed onto foliage by rain.

scholarly journals Characterization and serology of the matrix protein from a nuclear-polyhedrosis virus of Trichoplusia ni before and after degradation by an endogenous proteinase

1977 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
D A Eppstein ◽  
J A Thoma
Keyword(s):  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Monomer Unit ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Cabbage Looper ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

The intact matrix protein from a nuclear-polyhedrosis virus of the cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni), isolated after inhibition of an endogenous serine-type proteinase, was further purified by molecular-sieve chromatography. The matrix protein was associated with carbohydrate moieties, and the carbohydrate content was determined for the two major peptides isolated after proteolysis by the endogenous proteinase. The association-dissociation interactions of the intact and proteinase-hydrolysed monomer units were characterized at high and low pH. At pH1.9, proteinase-degraded matrix protein dissociated into two different peptide fractions, FI and FII. Fraction FII, a single peptide of 9400 daltons, comprised one-third of the monomer unit of 28 000 daltons. At pH9.5, the degraded peptides were tightly associated in units equivalent to the intact monomer. These monomer equivalents associated to form a series of interconverting aggregates. The predominant aggregate sedimented at 11S and had a mol.wt greater than or equal to 200 000. Two non-cross-reacting antigens were present in the aggregate mixture. The presence of these two antigens does not reflect the presence of two different matrix proteins; rather, the expression of the antigens correlates with the degree of aggregation of the matrix protein.

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